NPS Photo Jewel Cave National Monument is home to nine species of snakes. These reptiles, while sometimes frightening or surpising to see, fill a very important niche in the ecology of the Black Hills. Snakes help keep the predator/prey balance in line. The snakes of the Black Hills are extremely effective predators of small mammals and rodents and are largely harmless to humans. Only one snake in South Dakota is venomous, the prairie rattlesnake. Watch your step on the trail! Snakes love using the open sunny trails to warm themselves up. 
Bull Snake
The largest snake in South Dakota. Known to coil up and shake its tail to make predators believe its a rattlesnake. 
Common Garter Snake
One of the most abundant snakes in the United States, this medium sized snake specializes in eating rodents. 
Eastern Yellow-bellied Racer
These brightly colored constrictors use their speed to catch small mammals and birds. 
Milk Snake
These colorful snakes are meant to resemble the venomous Coral Snake to make predators think twice about attacking. 
Plains Hognose Snake
A unique snake, easily identifiable by its upturned snout from which its common name is derived. 
Prairie Rattlesnake
The only venomous snake in South Dakota. Be careful walking through tall grass, there just may be a rattlesnake hiding in it. 
Ring-necked Snake
Easily identified by its tell-tale ringed neck, these quick reptiles are great at catching mice. 
Smooth Green Snake
Easily the most recognizable snake in South Dakota, no other snake is as vibrant or uniform in color. 
Plains Garter Snake
A unique snake to the great plains specializing in ground nesting birds and their eggs. |
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Last updated: October 5, 2022