Our Struggles and Triumphs
In the United States of America, the sun first rises over the skies of Guam in the middle of the Pacific Ocean and awakens its Indigenous people, the Chamorro. Guam was acquired as a spoil of war after the Spanish American War of 1898 and the Chamorro became Americans with no political voice in the matter.
Similarly, Native Hawaiians, who have called the Hawaiian Islands home for almost 2,000 years, became Americans at the turn of the twentieth century without any declaration of war. The Islands became a US protectorate after the Kingdom of Hawai'i was overthrown, principally by Americans. One fascinating reminder is 'Iolani Palace, the home and symbol of the former sovereign of the Kingdom of Hawai'i and the only royal residence in the United States. In addition, other Pacific Islands such as the Federated States of Micronesia have long cultural histories.
From the first landing of Asians in the Continental United States as Filipino shipfarers descended on Morro Bay, California on October 18, 1587, AAPIs have shaped North America and the United States. Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs) built ethnic enclaves from Chinatowns to Koreatowns; developed innovations in science and technology; served the nation in uniform from the War of 1812 to the War in Vietnam; wrote poetry, novels, songs and painted murals and created sculptures; raised families; fought for freedom and organized labor unions across race and ethnic lines; and supported politicians and critical national and international initiatives.
Some trace their residency to native peoples of Pacific Islands or Native Hawaiians who have lived in their Indigenous lands for generations prior to the establishment of the US. Others arrived more recently as immigrants or refugees in the 19th, 20th, or 21st centuries. AAPI stories embrace the ancient past to the modern period. Each of the topics highlighted here represents a significant aspect of the human experience, but each is only a portion of the intertwined, glorious complexity of history.
"Struggles and Triumphs" indicates that our history includes both the stories that make us proud and those that make us resolve to do better, to work harder to realize the more perfect Union envisioned in our Constitution. Engage with the stories of Asian American and Pacific Islanders who shaped the nation through art, science, education, business, industrial design, civil rights, philanthropy, medicine, and many other endeavors.

What do we mean when we say Asian American and Pacific Islander heritage? Consider differences and similarities of this shared heritage.

Where is your family from? From the mountains to the sea, discover our shared migration and immigration stories.

The environment is where people live. Discover stories of environmental exploration, ecological crisis, and conservation.

Let’s talk about class, labor, business, and unions! Discover AAPI stories of work and industry.

How do we turn a moment to a movement? Discover stories of AAPIs who fought for rights and freedom and shaped policies and institutions.

From sketches and sculptures to lesson plans and playbills, let’s learn about AAPI stories of creativity, culture, and expression.

It’s a bird! It’s a plane! Come learn about AAPI stories of discovery, ingenuity and innovation.

America has never existed in isolation. Discover AAPI stories of transnational connections and global movements.
Additional Stories
- Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park
Puʻuloa Petroglyphs
- War In The Pacific National Historical Park
Mabini Monuments
- Type: Place
- Locations: War In The Pacific National Historical Park
Two monuments to Apolinario Mabini stand along the Asan Beach Trail. Mabini was the Prime Minister and Secretary of Foreign Affairs of the first Philippine Republic from January 23, 1899 – May 7, 1899. When the United States acquired the Philippines from Spain at the end of the Spanish-American War in 1899, Mabini and his followers refused to take an oath of allegiance to the United States and were exiled to Guam.
- War In The Pacific National Historical Park
Assan through the Ages
- Type: Article
- Locations: War In The Pacific National Historical Park
Assan Beach, the 2,500-yard shoreline stretching between Punta Adilok (Adelup Point) and Punta Assan (Asan Point), which the Marines in World War II called a "pair of devil horns," is a poignant symbol of the Guam's complex history, blending indigenous CHamoru traditions, wartime struggle, and ongoing military presence. In many ways, the story of Guam can be read through the story of Assan Beach. Talk a walk through history at Assan Beach.
- Type: Place
Greenwich Village Historic District’s reputation for dynamism can be attributed to its history of emerging artists and writers as well as the political unrest and activism of its inhabitants. With the rise of the counterculture movement during the 1960s, Greenwich Village’s Washington Square Park became a hub for writers and musicians. In 1969, LGB residents of Greenwich Village pushed back against police harassment at the Stonewall Inn.
- War In The Pacific National Historical Park
Rapid Ethnographic Assessment Project: Asan Beach and Agat Beach Units
- Type: Article
- Locations: War In The Pacific National Historical Park
The Rapid Ethnographic Assessment Project (REAP) for the Asan Beach and Agat units of the park documented the mythic landscape, traditional practices, and ethnographic resources of the CHamoru and other traditionally associated people. It included interviews with eight individuals and incorporated existing archival and published information relevant to summarizing traditional cultural practices and cultural resources within the Asan and Agat units of the park.
- Presidio of San Francisco
Dr. Margaret "Mom" Chung
- Type: Person
- Locations: Presidio of San Francisco
Dr. Margaret “Mom” Chung was the first Chinese American woman to become a physician. She founded one of the first Western medical clinics in San Francisco’s Chinatown in the 1920s. During World War II, she and her widespread network of “adopted sons,” most of them American soldiers, sailors, and airmen who called her “Mom,” became famous. Although she faced prejudice because of her race, gender, and sexuality, Dr. Chung forged a distinctive path throughout her life.
- Type: Place
- Offices: National Register of Historic Places Program
The Japanese YWCA, also known as the Issei Women's Building, was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 2020. The property is being recognized for its association to the history of Japanese American Issei (first generation) women, the African American Civil Rights movement, and the advancement of LGBTQ+ rights movement.
- Type: Article
On their many voyages to the Hawaiian Islands, Captain James Cook and his crew became familiar with the aikane, a select group of men who had sexual relations with the king and other ali'i, or royals. Several journal entries from their extended stays at Kealakekua Bay describe the openness of these relationships.
Last updated: May 3, 2024