If there is one thing that is constant in our national parks, it is change. For example, forest structure changes as the trees in that forest age or as a wildfire roars through. Bird populations may change in response. Erosion can shift stream channels or expose previously undiscovered archeological or paleontological sites. The number of visitors to parks is also in constant flux.
Understanding the changes taking place in our parks is key to protecting them for future generations. National Park Service scientists implement all manner of monitoring programs to keep track of what is changing. They also try to answer related questions about how and why changes happen. Explore what they’re monitoring, what tools and techniques they’re using, and what they’ve learned so far.

Through careful, consistent long-term monitoring, we can detect if park resources are stable or might be changing.

Condition assessments synthesize data about natural resources to inform planning and stewardship activities.

How do we know if parks are healthy? We monitor their vital signs, of course!

How do park visitors use park lands? Socioeconomic monitoring helps the National Park Service find out.

Monitoring the impacts of climate change on cultural resources helps park managers anticipate and adapt to change.

Learn which parks participate in global monitoring of the effects of climate change on alpine vegetation and soil, and why.
Explore examples of monitoring in our parks
- Locations: Golden Gate National Recreation Area, Muir Woods National Monument, Point Reyes National Seashore
- Locations: Point Reyes National Seashore
- Offices: San Francisco Bay Area Inventory & Monitoring Network
- Locations: Lewis and Clark National Historical Park, Mount Rainier National Park, North Cascades National Park, Olympic National Park
- Locations: Golden Gate National Recreation Area, Muir Woods National Monument, Point Reyes National Seashore
- Offices: San Francisco Bay Area Inventory & Monitoring Network
Federally endangered coho salmon and threatened steelhead trout are large, charismatic fish that play crucial roles in both stream and ocean ecosystems. The National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring Program and its partners began monitoring coho and steelhead in Golden Gate National Recreation Area and Point Reyes National Seashore in 1998.
- Denali National Park & Preserve
Outside Science (inside parks): Voles at Denali National Park & Preserve
- Locations: Big South Fork National River & Recreation Area
- Offices: Appalachian Highlands Inventory & Monitoring Network
- Locations: Cabrillo National Monument, Channel Islands National Park
Last updated: November 22, 2022