Visit Mining Heritage Sites

ruins of stone and brick building in the desert
Grand Gulch Mine in Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Arizona and Nevada.

NPS photo.

Introduction

Not surprisingly, the legacy of abandoned mineral lands spans North America. Long before the arrival of Europeans, American Indians mined flint, obsidian, and native copper for tools and weapons, turquoise and other stones for jewelry, and clay for pots and pipes. During the 16th century, the lure of gold and the prospect of great wealth drove Spanish explorers into North and South America. Later gold rushes and "Manifest Destiny" were responsible for Europeans settling much of the western United States. The industrial age of the 19th and 20th centuries introduced large-scale extraction of mineral resources such as coal, copper, iron, oil, gas, and uranium, leaving significant environmental impacts on the land.

Historically, companies and individuals explored for and extracted a wide variety of metals, minerals, fossil fuels, and mineral materials from lands that are now part of the National Park System. Precious metals such as gold, silver, and platinum; and base metals such as copper, lead, and zinc have been extracted. Industrial minerals such as talc, limestone, and borates; building stone; and aggregate materials such as sand and gravel have also been mined. Coal mining and oil and gas development have also occurred in parks.

Abandoned mineral lands represent one type of heritage feature originally valued primarily for economic opportunities. For example, between 1911 and 1938, the Kennecott Copper Mine, now a historic landmark within Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve in Alaska, produced more than $200 million worth of copper and supported a community of hundreds of people. Past mining sites tell us much about the economic forces that lured Europeans and others to North America, drove westward expansion, built the nation’s cities, and continue to support our society.

Find Your Park

Many parks boast rich mining histories and are active in preserving and even reconstructing mining-related historic structures and landscapes.

Parks Established to Preserve America's Mining Heritage

The first two of these parks commemorate the Alaskan gold rush of 1898, and the latter, established in 1992, celebrates the internationally significant copper mines in the upper Michigan peninsula.

Other Parks with Mining History as a Major Theme

Parks that Preserve Evidence of Prehistoric Mining

The first two preserve the remains of prehistoric extraction sites, and the latter protects the pipestone (red mudstone) quarries of the Yankton Sioux.


National Heritage Areas

National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are designated by Congress as places where natural, cultural, and historic resources combine to form a cohesive, nationally important landscape. Through their resources, NHAs tell nationally important stories that celebrate our nation’s diverse heritage.

Designated National Heritage Areas Related to Mining

Things to Do and Places to Go

Showing results 1-10 of 66

  • Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument

    Hike the Historic Old County Road!

    • Type: Things To Do
    • Subtype: Hiking
    • Duration: 3-5 Hours
    • Reservations: Yes
    • Pets: No
    • Location: Old Country Road
    • Season: Winter, Spring, Summer, Fall
    • Time Of Day: Day, Night, Dawn, Dusk
    A dirt road meanders past organ pipe and saguaro cacti towards a small mountain.

    Enjoy scenic views along an 8-mile one-way hike as you explore a historic wagon road through the Sonoran Desert!

  • Joshua Tree National Park

    Hike Lost Horse Mine

    • Type: Things To Do
    • Subtype: Hiking
    • Duration: 2-4 Hours
    • Reservations: No
    • Pets: No
    • Location: Lost Horse Mine Trailhead
    • Season: Winter, Spring, Fall
    • Time Of Day: Day, Dawn, Dusk
    The information sign at the beginning of the trail

    Lost Horse Mine Trail

  • Voyageurs National Park

    Visit Little American Island

    • Type: Things To Do
    • Subtype: Self-Guided Tours - Walking
    • Reservations: No
    • Pets: No
    • Location: Little American Island
    • Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
    • Time Of Day: Day, Dawn, Dusk
    A lichen covered rusting wheel from the mining era lies in the brush on Little America Island

    Discover the past on this self guided walk Little American Island. This island was home to one of the area gold mines during the brief gold rush of the 1890s. You will see mine shafts, tailing piles, and machinery along the side of this short trail. Signs tell the story of the gold rush.

  • Joshua Tree National Park

    Hike Contact Mine

    • Type: Things To Do
    • Subtype: Hiking
    • Duration: 2-3 Hours
    • Reservations: No
    • Pets: No
    • Location: Contact Mine Trailhead
    • Season: Winter, Spring, Fall
    • Time Of Day: Day, Dawn, Dusk
    A valley filled with Mojave yuccas and desert vegetation with mountains in the backbround.

    Enjoy a secluded hike to a historic mining site.

  • Keweenaw National Historical Park

    Visit Museums and Heritage Centers

    • Type: Things To Do
    • Subtype: Museum Exhibits
    • Reservations: No
    • Pets: Yes
    • Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
    • Time Of Day: Day
    a historic fire truck with helmets mounted on the side

    Many of the Park's Heritage Sites contain museums or heritage centers.

  • Keweenaw National Historical Park

    Step Back in Time

    • Type: Things To Do
    • Subtype: Self-Guided Tours - Walking
    • Reservations: No
    • Pets: Yes
    • Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
    • Time Of Day: Day
    Antique chairs and beds in an attic with a single window and exposed rafters

    Many of the Park's Heritage Sites allow you to "step back in time."

  • Keweenaw National Historical Park

    Research History

    • Type: Things To Do
    • Subtype: Museum Exhibits
    • Reservations: Yes
    • Pets: Yes
    • Season: Winter, Spring, Summer, Fall
    • Time Of Day: Day
    Tall bookcases line the length of the image, with white floors and flourescent lights

    Doing research on the Copper Country?

  • Keweenaw National Historical Park

    Experience Keweenaw Geology

    • Type: Things To Do
    • Subtype: Self-Guided Tours - Walking
    • Reservations: No
    • Pets: Yes
    • Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
    • Time Of Day: Day
    A Large piece of illuminated copper on the left as mineral displays in cabinets line the right.

    Experience geology at a number of the Park's Heritage Sites.

  • Keweenaw National Historical Park

    Discover Keweenaw Lighthouses

    • Type: Things To Do
    • Subtype: Guided Tours
    • Reservations: No
    • Pets: Yes
    • Season: Spring, Summer, Fall
    • Time Of Day: Day
    A lighthouse front is in shadows in front of a bright, cloudy sky

    A number of the Park's Heritage Sites contain lighthouses.

  • Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument

    Unearth Dripping Springs Mine

    • Type: Things To Do
    • Subtype: Hiking
    • Duration: 2-3 Hours
    • Reservations: Yes
    • Pets: Yes
    • Location: Dripping Springs Mine
    The landscape around the mine features a tall saguaro forest and large purplish mountains.

    Stumble upon an old copper mine while exploring along the trail in the Puerto Blanco Mountains!

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Last updated: December 22, 2022

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