This short National Park Service video reveals Medano Creek's attraction for people of all ages, and explains mysterious 'surge flow'!
Medano Creek at peak flow in late May, with a surge flow wave. See current and forecast conditions below.
NPS/Patrick Myers
Medano Creek's bed is dry and intermittently snow-covered at the main Dunes Parking Area. Snowpack above the dunes is currently about half of average for this date.
NPS
Current Conditions
as of March 10, 2025
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Medano Creek's bed is dry and intermittently snow-covered at the Dunes Parking Lot. The creek is mostly frozen along the eastern edge of the dunefield, near Sand Pit Picnic Area and Castle Creek Picnic Area. These areas are accessible by high-clearance 4WD vehicle on the Medano Pass Primitive Road. On warmer days, the creek melts and gently flows across the sand in this area, but sinks into the sand within a short distance.
On this graph, the black line shows the average buildup of snow in Medano Pass, the watershed of Medano Creek. The red line shows the buildup of snow in the 2025 water year. So far, the snow buildup is about half of average for this date.
NPS/Andrew Valdez
2025 Season Forecast Flow
The depth and duration of Medano Creek's flow are a direct result of the amount of snowpack in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains. So far it has been a dry winter, with snowpack about half of average for March 10. March and April are typically the two snowiest months of the year, so final snowpack and a more definitive flow forecast won't be available until the end of April.
Medano Creek Conditions to Expect Each Month in an Average Year
Below are typical creek conditions for each month of an average season. Less or more snowpack will affect the depth and duration of the creek.
April
While April is the second snowiest month of the year on average, there can also be warmer, sunny days that begin to melt the snowpack.
Medano Creek usually arrives at the Dunes Parking Area sometime in April, at first just a trickle. By the end of April, it may be a few inches/cm deep with minimal surge flow.
May
Flow increases through May, and late May is near the peak of Medano Creek's annual flow.
While it is still springtime and winds may arise, especially in the afternoon, May temperatures are generally moderate, with highs in the 60s-70s F. However, snow is still possible at this elevation in May!
Trees and bushes along the creek leaf out. There are some "no-see-ums" (tiny biting gnats), but mosquitoes are rarely out in May.
Water comes out of the mountains cold, but warms up significantly when the sun shines on it for a few hours as it spreads across the sand.
Because of the creek's popularity, late May and early June weekends are extremely crowded, with long lines of traffic, overflowing parking lots, a crowded beach, and full campgrounds. If possible, plan your visit on a weekday this time of year.
June
There are warmer water temperatures for water play and generally pleasant temperatures in June.
Late May and early June are the best opportunity to experience "surge flow", where waves flow down across the sand. In average or wetter years, surge flow waves are high enough for children to float down limited distances on flat inflatable toys.
Because of the creek's popularity, late May and early June weekends are extremely crowded, with long lines of traffic, overflowing parking lots, a crowded beach, and full campgrounds. If possible, plan your visit on a weekday this time of year.
As the creek becomes much lower and slower around the second week of June, mosquitoes will emerge in large numbers. Move away from vegetation, to the far side of the creek to avoid the worst of the mosquitoes: they don't like open sand, but prefer to be near shady bushes and trees.
By late June, the water level will be fairly low, only 1 or 2 inches (1-5cm) or may even be drying up.
July
Unless there are significant ongoing rains, the creek will be retreating back toward the mountains and will be dried up at the main visitor area near the Dunes Parking Lot.
It usually continues to gently flow at 1/2" - 1" (1-2 cm) deep along the eastern edge of the dunefield, near Castle Creek Picnic Area. Castle Creek is accessible by high clearance 4WD vehicle on the Medano Pass Primitive Road. Visitors without 4WD may also access the creek in late summer by hiking approximately 3 miles (5 km) up the creekbed from the Dunes Parking Lot, or approximately 0.7 miles (1km) from the Point of No Return parking area.
Mosquitoes are typically still present in large numbers after breeding in the low remaining water, but begin to disappear by mid-to-late July.
July is the warmest month at the park, with average highs in the low 80s F.
August and September
The creek usually continues to gently flow at 1/2" - 1" (1-2 cm) deep along the eastern edge of the dunefield, near Castle Creek Picnic Area. Castle Creek is accessible by high clearance 4WD vehicle on the Medano Pass Primitive Road. Visitors without 4WD may also access the creek in late summer by hiking approximately 3 miles (5 km) up the creekbed from the Dunes Parking Lot, or approximately 0.7 miles (1km) from the Point of No Return parking area.
Mosquitoes are gone in late summer and fall.
Two children sit in a wave of Medano Creek at peak flow
In wet years, waves can be large enough at peak flow for floating.
NPS/Patrick Myers
How do you pronounce 'Medano'?
Médano is a Spanish word that means "sand dune". It is pronounced "MED-ah-no". In the original Spanish there is an accent on the é.
A skimboarder glides along Medano Creek, June 2024
NPS/Patrick Myers
Medano Creek Activities
Depending on water level, visitors may do any non-motorized and non-mechanized activities in the creek, including splashing, wading, skimboarding, floating (works only in small inflatable device with a child at peak runoff), sand castle building, and sand sculpting.
To protect this riparian habitat, please do not disturb living plants or animals, and keep water resources clean.
Last updated: March 10, 2025
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11999 State Highway 150
Mosca,
CO
81146
Phone:
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