NPS photo. Terrestrial Mammals of Redwood National and State ParksRedwood National and State Parks boast an impressive diversity of terrestrial mammals, ranging from tiny shrews that scurry through the forest floor to the majestic Roosevelt elk, which can weigh up to 1,200 pounds (544 kg). The parks support 66 known mammal species, including 13 different types of bats and the non-native Virginia opossum. These mammals inhabit a variety of ecosystems within the parks, including dense redwood forests, coastal grasslands, oak woodlands, and riparian areas along rivers and creeks. Some of these mammals, like the black-tailed deer and Roosevelt elk, are commonly seen grazing in meadows and open spaces throughout the year, while others, such as the black bear and mountain lion, may roam the parks as part of larger territories that extend beyond park boundaries. These larger carnivores play vital roles in maintaining ecological balance by regulating prey populations and helping to shape their habitats. Certain species, especially the bats, are present only during specific times of the year. Migratory bats arrive during breeding seasons or as they move between habitats, using the parks as critical stopover points. Others, like the river otter, are semi-aquatic and thrive along the parks’ streams, rivers, and coastlines, while small nocturnal mammals, including woodrats and voles, are often only visible at night. The variety of habitats and the parks’ relatively untouched ecosystems provide essential refuges for these species, showcasing the parks’ importance as a sanctuary for wildlife. This diverse range of mammals contributes to the ecological richness and complexity of the parks, offering visitors a glimpse into the dynamic natural world that thrives within the redwood landscape. Small Mammals: Elusive but PresentMany small mammals in the parks are seldom seen due to their nocturnal (active at night) or fossorial (living underground) habits. These include:
Signs of these mammals are often easier to spot than the animals themselves. For example:
The nocturnal dusky-footed woodrat is another rarely observed rodent, but their large stick houses are often visible on tree stumps or at the base of trees. Known as “pack-rats,” these animals collect both natural and human-made items for their nests. Carnivores: Hidden PredatorsWhile spotting carnivores in the parks is rare, it is possible to observe:
River otters are also present, often seen along creek gravel bars, ocean beaches, and rocky coastlines. Their scat, typically filled with crab and crayfish shells, is a common sign of their presence. Larger Mammals: Commonly Seen ResidentsRoosevelt elk and black-tailed deer are among the most frequently observed mammals, inhabiting lowland coastal grasslands, redwood forests, and the Bald Hills prairies and oak woodlands. Other commonly seen species include:
Beavers: Builders of the ParksNorth American beavers can sometimes be seen in Redwood Creek and its tributaries. They build bank lodges and dams, creating small ponds. Signs of beaver activity include dams and plugged culverts, often the result of beavers piling sticks into openings. Terrestrial Mammals ListBelow are some of the mammals you may encounter in Redwood National and State Parks:
Mammal Checklist DownloadDownload the comprehensive mammal checklist (PDF) for Redwood National and State Parks to help you identify and learn about the diverse species of mammals found throughout the park’s forests, grasslands, and coastal areas. This guide is perfect for enhancing your wildlife exploration and tracking the animals you encounter during your visit. |
Last updated: October 20, 2024