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Showing 835 results for enslaved ...
Nicodemus National Historic Site
School District Number 1
- Type: Place
Nicodemus residents saw education as foundational to their community and organized School District No. 1 in 1879, the first in Graham County. After the previous 1887 schoolhouse burned down in 1916, the District No. 1 Schoolhouse was built in 1918 and used by the district until it closed in the early 1960s.
Nicodemus National Historic Site
St. Francis Hotel
- Type: Place
The St. Francis Hotel has lived many lives: first as a place of business operated by early settlers Zachary and Jenny Fletcher, then as private residence and restaurant of the Switzer family. The original two-story limestone structure was built in 1881 and was a successful hotel in Nicodemus. The Switzer family bought the building in 1921 and built several additions while they lived there.
Chesapeake Bay
Menokin
- Type: Place
Explore Menokin, a National Historic Landmark where history, architecture, and conservation meet. See the 1769 home of Francis Lightfoot Lee, witness innovative preservation in action, and walk trails through a protected Chesapeake Bay watershed landscape. Engage with exhibits, hands-on activities, and the powerful stories of those who shaped this place. Paddle Cat Point Creek, connect with nature, and uncover the past in a truly unique setting.
Thomas Stone National Historic Site
Thomas Stone
- Type: Person
Could you willingly make a decision that could cost you, your property, your possessions, or even your life? That is the question men like Thomas Stone had to make once the decision was made to create the Declaration of Independence. It was not an easy decision to make.
Thomas Stone National Historic Site
Bet: Freedom Seeker
- Type: Person
Discover the mystery of Bet, one of Thomas Stone's enslaved African Americans.
- Type: Person
Mrs. Recy Taylor was just 24 years old when she was brutally raped by six white men in Alabama. Upholding the Black woman's tradition of testimony and protest, Taylor actively participated in the pursuit to bring her attackers to justice. Though the men were acquitted in two separate trials, Taylor's courage speaks to the resolve of Black women to channel their pain and anger into political anger. We honor Taylor as an ancestor for teaching us a lesson on courage.
- Type: Person
Before Shirley Graham married W.E.B. Du Bois in 1951, she had earned a national reputation as a playwright, composer, conductor, director, and author. Born to a A.M.E. minister and a European mother, Graham was raised to appreciate Black culture and music. From a young age, her parents instilled in her the importance of social justice and the uplift of the Black Community. For her lifelong dedication, we honor her as an ancestor.
- Type: Person
There are people who give great speeches, and they there are those who perform them. Hallie Quinn Brown was one of the few who perform speeches. In her era, she was recognized as one of the greatest elocutionists across two continents, Europe and America. Though she rarely appears in history books, Brown’s legacy can be found in today’s speech-language pathologists and spoken word artists. She lectured widely on the cause of temperance, women’s suffrage, and civil rights. We
- Type: Place
The curved, five-part layout of the Thomas Stone House, along with its casual symmetry and mixed architectural styles truly make it a visual showcase.
Reconstruction Era National Historical Park
Labor Reforms of the Port Royal Experiment
- Type: Article
Paying wages to the formerly enslaved people served two purposes for the government officials developing the Port Royal Experiment. It helped to provide a solution of where people should live. Wages also began to put cash into the hands of people who had toiled this land for generations. Many sought to use that cash to secure that land for themselves.
Reconstruction Era National Historical Park
The Port Royal Experiment
- Type: Article
A few weeks after the Battle of Port Royal, US soldiers and sailors came ashore around Beaufort and found thousands of now formerly enslaved people in control of the region. The military had no real plan yet for what to do with these people or even their legal status.
Reconstruction Era National Historical Park
Series: The Port Royal Experiment
- Type: Article
In the fall of 1861 after the Battle of Port Royal, the US military came ashore around Beaufort and found thousands of now formerly enslaved people in control of the region. The military had no real plan yet for what to do with these people or even their legal status. Newly freed Black South Carolinians were active participants. They demanded access to programs to support labor reforms, land redistribution, quality education, and military service.
Reconstruction Era National Historical Park
Military Service and the Port Royal Experiment
- Type: Article
Military service was an important component of the Port Royal Experiment. The success of the 1st South Carolina Volunteers led to Black military service becoming a core foundation of the arguments in favor of extending citizenship and voting rights to formerly enslaved people.
Fort Sumter and Fort Moultrie National Historical Park
William Moultrie
- Type: Person
William Moultrie's 2nd South Carolina Regiment successfully defended Charleston Harbor from the Royal Navy in the Battle of Sullivan's Island on June 28, 1776. This Patriot victory marked the beginning of a meteoric rise for Moultrie as he achieved the rank of general and later served South Carolina as governor.
Reconstruction Era National Historical Park
Education During the Port Royal Experiment
- Type: Article
Education is important for understanding the goals of the Port Royal Experiment, both for the missionaries who established them and for the formerly enslaved people enrolling as students.
Nicodemus National Historic Site
Nettie Craig Asberry
- Type: Person
Nettie Craig Asberry is considered the first Black woman to earn a doctorate degree. Her family settled in Nicodemus in 1879, and she taught in town from 1886-1889, teaching both at the District No. 1 School and offering private music lessons. Asberry spent most of her life in Tacoma, Washington where she continued to teach music and advocated for the equal rights of all.
Reconstruction Era National Historical Park
Land Ownership: An Effect of the Port Royal Experiment
- Type: Article
Learn how the Confiscation Act and Revenue Acts of 1861 set the stage for land reform in the Sea Islands of South Carolina. Land reform that would allow formerly enslaved people to purchase land that generations would cherish.
- Type: Place
The Frederick Douglass National Historic Site preserves and interprets Cedar Hill, where Frederick Douglass lived from 1877 until his death in 1895.
Cedar Creek & Belle Grove National Historical Park
Lucy Buck
- Type: Person
Lucy Buck (left) and her sister, Nellie (right), witnessed the Battle of Front Royal. Lucy’s wartime diary was later published as Sad Earth, Sweet Heaven.
Cedar Creek & Belle Grove National Historical Park
Pap Dandridge aka Uncle Stephen
- Type: Person
This African American man was enslaved in the Shenandoah Valley before the Civil War. After emancipation, he chose to remain in the region the rest of his life. His full identity remains unrecorded.