Evolution of Orchards
The evolution of orchards in the United States can be described in four general periods. The appearance of orchards and orchard fruits has evolved considerably during these periods, each marked by distinctive characteristics and features. The National Park System is a unique land repository of orchards that represent each of the four periods.
Introduction and Colonization
European fruit trees were introduced and planted for both subsistence farming and pleasure.
Diversification and Migration
Collectors and entrepreneurs developed fruit varieties.
Specialization and Industrialization
Orchard development focused on commercialization, technology, and regionalism.
Fruit Monoculture and Intensification
Orchard production intensified and dwarf trees became commonplace.
Last updated: October 31, 2022