Nature & Science

Brown booby, "fua'o" in flight

NPS photo.

Nature of the National Park of American Samoa

The National Park of American Samoa is a place of extraordinary natural beauty and biodiversity. Situated in one of the most remote regions of the world, this park offers a unique opportunity to explore both tropical rainforests and marine ecosystems that are teeming with life.

Tropical Rainforests

The park's volcanic islands—Tutuila, Ta'ū, and Ofu—are predominantly covered in tropical rainforest, creating a lush green environment that stretches from mountaintops down to the coastlines. These rainforests are home to numerous endemic plant and animal species, including the famed Samoan fruit bat (flying fox). The towering banyan trees, ferns, and dense understory create a vibrant ecosystem that supports the region’s diverse wildlife, including native birds, insects, and plants .

Marine Ecosystems

The marine environment surrounding the islands is just as impressive. The park protects nearly 4,000 acres of ocean, including coral reefs that fringe the islands of Tutuila, Ofu, and Ta'ū. These reefs are home to over 900 species of fish, more than 230 species of coral, and a number of endangered species such as the green and hawksbill sea turtles .

While the reefs provide a colorful display of marine life, the waters of American Samoa are also frequented by migrating humpback whales during the austral winter. The rich biodiversity of the reefs and open ocean creates a thriving ecosystem that is integral to the health of the region .

Climate and Conservation

Despite the rich biodiversity, the park's ecosystems face challenges from climate change, overfishing, and invasive species. Coral bleaching events, severe storms, and invasive species such as the crown-of-thorns starfish pose ongoing threats to the health of the coral reefs . The park is actively engaged in conservation efforts, working closely with local villages to protect these natural resources through sustainable practices .

Explore the Biodiversity

Visitors to the National Park of American Samoa have the chance to experience one of the most ecologically diverse environments in the world. From the vibrant coral reefs to the misty mountain rainforests, the park offers a variety of ways to connect with nature. Whether you are snorkeling among the fish or hiking the rainforest trails, you will be immersed in a landscape shaped by millions of years of natural history.

 

Plant Inventory

Natural History Guide to the Parks