Hiking

 

During the winter, snow-covered trails are available for snowshoeing & cross-country skiing.

NPS Photo

Historic Trails of Big Hole National Battlefield

Big Hole National Battlefield offers three (3) trails open daily from sunrise to sunset, year-round. Trail guides are available at each trailhead during the summer and autumn. In winter, guides are available at the Visitor Center. The road to the lower parking lot and trailheads closes to vehicles in winter, but remains accessible for snowshoers and cross-country skiers.

Nez Perce Camp Trail

This path takes hikers to the place where the nímí·pu· (Nez Perce) camped before the attack on August 9, 1877.

• Length: 1.6 mile round-trip.
• Elevation Gain: None.
• Terrain: Packed earth, which can be muddy in early summer and rutted in drier weather; ground squirrel dens may pose tripping hazards.
• Estimated Time: Approximately 1 hour.
• Highlights: Walk in the footsteps of history along a serene path, reflecting on the historic events that took place in this peaceful setting.

Siege Area Trail

This path traverses the area where nímí·pu· (Nez Perce) warriors held U.S. troops under siege after the initial attack.

• Length: 1.2 mile round-trip.
• Elevation Gain: 50 feet.
• Terrain: Packed earth, level in most areas, with interpretive stops along the way.
• Estimated Time: Approximately 45 minutes.
• Highlights: See the rifle pits dug by soldiers and the 1883 monument dedicated to the 7th U.S. Infantry, adding depth to the story of the battlefield.

Howitzer Trail

This path leads to the site where nímí·pu· (Nez Perce) warriors captured a 12-pound Mountain Howitzer, a pivotal moment in the battle.

• Length: 0.8 mile round trip (spur off the Siege Trail).
• Elevation Gain: 320 feet.
• Terrain: Steep and rugged, with tree roots and uneven ground. The ascent is challenging.
• Estimated Time: Approximately 40 minutes.
• Highlights: Panoramic views of the battlefield and a rewarding perspective of the landscape await at the top, along with a replica howitzer.

 

Respecting Sacred Ground at the Site

Big Hole National Battlefield is sacred ground and honors all who fought and died here. As a burial site and place of mourning, it holds deep significance for the nímí·pu· (Nez Perce) and all who visit. Please observe the following guidelines to show respect for this hallowed place.

• Stay on Designated Trails: Unmarked graves are present throughout the battlefield. Avoid walking off-trail to prevent disturbing burial sites.
• Respect Memorial Offerings: Items left at tipi memorials are sacred offerings in memory of nímí·pu· (Nez Perce) ancestors. Leave them undisturbed.
• No Pets on Trails: Pets are welcome on paved surfaces, provided they remain on a leash no longer than six (6) feet. To preserve the sanctity of the site, pets are not permitted on the trails.
• Do Not Collect or Dig: Collecting rocks, digging, or removing items from the battlefield is strictly prohibited.
• Prohibited Devices: The use of metal detectors and drones is not allowed anywhere in the park.
• Leave No Trace: Dispose of trash and recycling in the bins provided at the trailhead to help preserve the park’s natural environment.
• Report Issues: If you notice any damage or violations, please contact the National Park Service at [phone] or email us.

 

Map of the trails at the park site.

NPS

Map: Trails and Points of Interest

This map provides an overview of Big Hole National Battlefield. It highlights key areas, accessible ammenities, and trails to significant historical locations within the park that will enhance your visit. Explore the Nez Perce Camp Trail, where the nímí·pu· (Nez Perce) camped at the time of the battle, or take the Siege Area and Howitzer Trails to discover other important sites from the events of August 1877. Please use this guide to navigate and immerse yourself in the history of this sacred landscape.

For Your Safety

Big Hole National Battlefield’s high elevation and diverse wildlife require a few precautions for a safe visit.

• Altitude Awareness: Located at 6,300 feet above sea level, the altitude may affect breathing and stamina. Slow down as needed, especially on the trails.
• Stay Hydrated: The dry climate makes hydration essential year-round. Bring and drink plenty of water.
• Weather Preparedness: Weather can change rapidly, so layered clothing is recommended to adapt to varying conditions.
• Insect Protection: Mosquitoes and other biting insects are common in early summer. Insect repellent is highly recommended.
• Sun Protection: Wearing sunscreen and protective gear is advised to prevent sunburn in this high elevation.
• Wildlife Awareness: Black bears, mountain lions, moose, and other wildlife call this valley home. To stay safe:
  • Observe animals from a distance—never approach wildlife.
  • If an animal notices you or changes behavior, you are too close. Back away slowly and give them plenty of space.