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The craft revivals in England and America at the turn of the 20th century were a response to new attitudes to labor and its environment. Some craft tradition proponents were recognized as social reformers who responded to increased industrialization. Others advocated retreat to utopian communities and the reorganization of craft systems or design philosophies. In the US, the Arts and Crafts philosophy manifested itself in a wide array of regional craft traditions and the Colonial Revival movement. Eleanor took great interest in a variety of traditional handcrafted objects, some of which served as models for Val-Kill Industries
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