Lying entirely north of the Arctic Circle,
the ground is permanently frozen below much of the park. This impermeable
"permafrost" layer prevents drainage and causes many surface areas to
remain wet during the summer. Trees approach their northern limit in Kobuk Valley,
where boreal forest and tundra meet. All plants that grow in the arctic must be
specially adapted to survive fierce winds, biting cold, thin soils, and a short
growing season. The northern tree line zigzags through the valleys of the
Brooks Range and along the Kobuk
River. Spruce, willow,
and birch trees are found along rivers and streams, on many south-facing hills,
and where drainage is good and permafrost is lacking.
The park was established to maintain the environmental
integrity of the valley's natural features in an undeveloped state and, in
cooperation with local Natives, to protect and interpret archeological sites
associated with Native cultures. As such, natural and archeological objects are
protected. Leaving them where you find them preserves these special resources
for the good of residents and visitors alike.
