Hiking

 

During the winter, the trails stay open for snow-shoers & cross country skiers.

NPS Photo

Historic Trails of Big Hole National Battlefield

Big Hole National Battlefield offers three trails open from sunrise to sunset daily, year-round. During summer and fall, trail guides are available at each trailhead. In winter, guides can be requested from the Visitor Center. The road to the lower parking lot and trailheads closes to vehicles in winter, but remains accessible for snowshoers and cross-country skiers.

Nez Perce Camp Trail

Follow the path to the site where the nímí·pu· (Nez Perce) camped before the dawn attack on August 9, 1877.

• Length: 1.6 miles round-trip
• Elevation Gain: None
• Terrain: Packed earth, which can be muddy in early summer and rutted in drier weather; ground squirrel dens may pose tripping hazards.
• Estimated Time: Approximately 1 hour
• Highlights: Walk in the footsteps of history along a serene path, reflecting on the historic events that took place in this peaceful setting.

Siege Area Trail

Experience the area where nímí·pu· warriors held U.S. troops under siege after the initial attack.

• Length: 1.2 miles round-trip
• Elevation Gain: 50 feet
• Terrain: Packed and level in most areas, with interpretive stops along the way.
• Estimated Time: Approximately 45 minutes
• Highlights: See the rifle pits dug by soldiers and the 1883 monument dedicated to the Seventh U.S. Infantry, adding depth to the story of the battlefield.

Howitzer Trail

Climb to the site where nímí·pu· warriors captured a 12-Pound Mountain Howitzer, a pivotal moment in the battle.

• Length: 0.8 miles (spur off the Siege Area Trail)
• Elevation Gain: 320 feet
• Terrain: Steep and rugged, with tree roots and uneven ground; the ascent can be challenging.
• Estimated Time: Approximately 40 minutes
• Highlights: A replica howitzer awaits at the top, providing panoramic views of the battlefield and a rewarding perspective on the landscape.

 

Respecting Sacred Ground at the Site

Big Hole National Battlefield is sacred ground for all who fought and died here. As a burial site and place of mourning, it holds deep significance for the nímí·pu· (Nez Perce people) and all who visit. Please observe the following guidelines to show respect for this hallowed place:

• Stay on Designated Trails: Unmarked graves are present throughout the battlefield. Avoid walking off-trail to prevent disturbing burial sites.
• Respect Memorial Offerings: Items left at tipi memorials are sacred offerings in memory of Nez Perce ancestors. Please leave them undisturbed.
• No Pets on Trails: Pets are welcome on paved surfaces, provided they remain on a leash no longer than six feet. However, they are not permitted on the trails to preserve the sanctity of the site.
• Do Not Collect or Dig: Collecting rocks, digging, or removing items from the battlefield is strictly prohibited.
• Prohibited Devices: The use of metal detectors and drones is not allowed anywhere in the park.
• Leave No Trace: Dispose of trash and recycling in the bins provided at the trailhead parking lot to help preserve the park’s natural environment.
• Report Issues: If you notice any damage or violations, please contact the National Park Service at [phone] or email us.

 

Map of the trails at the park site.

NPS

Map: Trails and Points of Interest

This map offers an overview of Big Hole National Battlefield, highlighting key areas and trails to enhance your visit. From the Visitor Center, you’ll find accessible amenities and trailheads leading to significant historical sites within the park. Explore the Nez Perce Camp Trail, where the nímí·pu· (Nez Perce) were camped at the time of the battle, or take the Siege Area and Howitzer Trails to discover other important sites from the events of August 1877. Please use this guide to navigate and immerse yourself in the history of this sacred landscape.

For Your Safety

Big Hole National Battlefield’s high elevation and diverse wildlife require a few precautions for a safe visit:

• Altitude Awareness: Located at 6,300 feet above sea level, the altitude may affect breathing and stamina. Slow down as needed, especially on the trails.
• Stay Hydrated: The dry climate makes hydration essential year-round, so bring and drink plenty of water.
• Weather Preparedness: Weather can change rapidly, so layered clothing is recommended to adapt to varying conditions.
• Insect Protection: Mosquitoes and other biting insects are common in early summer. Insect repellent is highly recommended.
• Sun Protection: The high elevation increases sun exposure, so wearing sunscreen is advisable to prevent sunburn.
• Wildlife Awareness: Big Hole is home to black bears, mountain lions, moose, and other wildlife. To stay safe:
  • Observe animals from a distance—never approach wildlife.
  • If an animal notices you or changes behavior, you are too close. Back away slowly and give them plenty of space.