Series: From Backcountry to Breadbasket to Battlefield and Beyond

"From Backcountry to Breadbasket to Battlefield and Beyond" introduces the varied historical themes that make up Cedar Creek and Belle Grove National Historical Park, and offers a look at the exhibit of the same name on display at the park's visitor center.

  • Cedar Creek & Belle Grove National Historical Park

    Article 1: Visiting the Park

    A wood rail fence marks the boundary of a lush green pasture under grey skies.

    The National Park Service along with Belle Grove, Inc., Cedar Creek Battlefield Foundation, the National Trust for Historic Preservation, Shenandoah County, and the Shenandoah Valley Battlefields Foundation manage this park for you and generations to come. Read more

  • Cedar Creek & Belle Grove National Historical Park

    Article 2: Worth Fighting For

    A painting depicts an 1800s plantation with workers reaping and stacking wheat with hand tools.

    From the arrival of the first American Indians and European settlers, through the coming of the Civil War, the rich natural resources of the Shenandoah Valley shaped both its history and its fate. Read more

  • Cedar Creek & Belle Grove National Historical Park

    Article 3: Born from Stress & Strain

    A plastic geology model shows parallel layers of rock atop buckled, angular layers.

    Natural forces have shaped the Shenandoah Valley landscape creating a distinct mix of geological strata, soil types, drainage patterns, and terrain. Read more

  • Cedar Creek & Belle Grove National Historical Park

    Article 4: A Bountiful Land

    A painting depicts lush greenery of a river valley set among rugged mountains.

    A combination of fertile soil, abundant water sources and a perfect climate made farming especially profitable to early settlers of the Valley. Read more

  • Cedar Creek & Belle Grove National Historical Park

    Article 5: Enslavement in the Shenandoah Valley

    A color illustration depicts an 1800s woman in simple work clothes tying a sheaf of wheat.

    The Shenandoah Valley had small family farms that owned none, one or a few enslaved people. The Valley also had larger plantations with many enslaved people. White residents of the Valley were all economically connected to slavery. Therefore, their culture, like that of the rest of the United States, was part of a system of race-based slavery and they used racism, violence, and fear to maintain it. Read more

  • Cedar Creek & Belle Grove National Historical Park

    Article 6: Breadbasket of the South

    A drawing illustrates an 1800s farmhouse and barn among wheatfields and haystacks.

    The Valley was once the most valuable wheat producing area of the entire South, due to rich soils, a farming culture, and a good road system. Read more

  • Cedar Creek & Belle Grove National Historical Park

    Article 7: Vital Route

    An 1800s photograph shows a roughly paved road lined with stone walls passing through farmland.

    Agricultural products had no value unless the farmers could get their produce to market—Alexandria, Baltimore, Philadelphia, or beyond. The Valley Pike promoted prosperity and became the lifeblood of the Valley. Read more

  • Cedar Creek & Belle Grove National Historical Park

    Article 8: The Coming of War

    A hand-drawn Civil War military map depicts northern Virginia.

    The Shenandoah Valley’s geological formation created a natural corridor, which during the Civil War attracted armies on both sides as an avenue of invasion and counter-invasion. Read more

  • Cedar Creek & Belle Grove National Historical Park

    Article 9: Faces of the Valley

    A colorized 1800 portrait photo depicts a young woman in a green dress.

    Some of the Shenandoah Valley's diverse individuals are captured in portrait photographs and other historic documents. Here are some of the faces of the Valley and their stories. "Faces of the Valley" is part of the exhibit "From Backcountry to Breadbasket, to Battlefield, and Beyond" at the Visitor Center. Read more

  • Cedar Creek & Belle Grove National Historical Park

    Article 10: Voices from a War Torn Valley

    A crosshatched 1864 ink sketch depicts cavalrymen on a farm with burning buildings.

    "Voices from a War Torn Valley" is a flip book of illustrations, quotations, and stories from the exhibit "From Backcountry to Breadbasket, to Battlefield, and Beyond." Read more

  • Cedar Creek & Belle Grove National Historical Park

    Article 11: Devastation of the Valley

    An 1800s art work depicts horse-mounted soldiers at a burning farmstead.

    The Union’s new “total war” policy in 1864 led to “The Burning” of the Valley, which left the land scorched and brought tremendous suffering for its residents. Read more

  • Cedar Creek & Belle Grove National Historical Park

    Article 12: Beginning of the End

    A painting richly colored with red and yellow depicts soldiers rallying to the U.S. flag.

    The Federal victory at Cedar Creek ended Confederate resistance in the Shenandoah Valley. Coming just three weeks before the presidential election, news of the victory boosted morale in the Northern states and helped carry Abraham Lincoln to a landslide reelection. Read more

  • Cedar Creek & Belle Grove National Historical Park

    Article 13: The Aftermath

    An 1883 photo captures men standing at the columned front of an antebellum style mansion.

    In the postwar years, many former Confederates began to accept the war’s results and look forward, with the rest of the nation, to a period of national reconciliation. The nation remembered those who had fallen by building monuments and participating in Civil War. Read more

  • Cedar Creek & Belle Grove National Historical Park

    Article 14: Jedediah Hotchkiss' Maps of the Shenandoah Valley

    A yellowed, hand-drawn map from the 1800s shows finely-detailed geography and battle movements.

    Jedediah Hotchkiss's accurate maps played a role in numerous Confederate victories in the Shenandoah Valley and elsewhere. Exhibits showing selected maps are on display at the Visitor Center. Read more