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Udall, Stewart L
1990 Oñate and Garcés. Arizona Highways, Vol. 67, no. 7 (July), pp. 4-15. Phoenix, Arizona Department of Transportation. [A color-illustrated article about the routes of travel taken in Arizona by Juan de Oñate in the early seventeenth century and by Father Francisco Garcés in the eighteenth century mention that Father Garcés was sent to Mission San Xavier del Bac in 1768 to serve the Piman Indians residing there.]
2002 The forgotten founders. Rethinking the history of the Old West. Washington, Covello, London, Island Press/Shearwater Books. Maps, illus., suggested readings, index. xxvii + 237 pp. [In a chapter titled, AThe Religion Factor in Western Settlement,@ Udall pays glowing tribute to Father Eusebio Francisco Kino, the late seventeenth and early eighteenth-century pioneer missionary among the northern O=odham (pp. 93-95). He also notes the opening of a school at San Xavier by the Sisters of St. Joseph of Carondelet in 1873 (p. 196).]
Uehlinger, Kevin
2002 Memories from summer intern Kevin Uehlinger. Seedhead News, no. 78 (Fall), p. 7. Tucson, Native Seeds/SEARCH. [Uehlinger, who worked as in intern on the Native Seeds/SEARCH farm next to Patagonia, Arizona, in the summer of 2002, recalls that, AMr and Mrs. Lopez, O=odham elders, sang their rain song ... .@]
Uhlmann, Julie M.
1972 The impact of modernization of Papago Indian fertility. Human Organization, Vol. 31, no. 2 Summer), pp. 149-162. Washington, D.C., The Society for Applied Anthropology. [Using data from the Papago Population Register, this study investigates the demographic modernization process among Papago Indians. Trends in total population indicate a stage of rapid population growth with death rates low as compared with birth rates. The study concludes that the urban center of Tucson is on the leading edge of change with regard to demographic modernization among the Papago.]
1973 AThe impact of urbanization on the fertility behavior of Papago Indian women.@ Ph.D. dissertation, University of Colorado, Boulder. 327 pp. [Fifty Papago women between the ages of 16 and 65 residing in Tucson, Arizona were interviewed in order to find out how certain social and psychological factors work within the urban setting to influence the fertility behavior of urban Papago women. Independent variables examined include migration, preparation for experience in the urban setting, actual experience in the urban setting, family size attributes, and psychological modernity. Dependent variables include children never born, total pregnancies, use of birth control, and fertility status.]
1975 Boundary maintenance in the urban environment: the Papago case. Urban Anthropology, Vol. 4, no. 2 (Summer), p. 201. New York, Plenum Publishing Company. [Abstract of a paper presented at the 1974 meetings of the American Anthropological Association. Uhlmann says institutional sharing with the dominant society has functioned to preserve the ethnic identity of Papagos living in Tucson.]
1976 The maintenance of ethnic identity by urban middle-class Papago Indians. Urban Anthropology, Vol. 5, no. 1 (Spring), p. 88. New York, Plenum Publishing Company. [Abstract of a talk given at the 1975 meeting of the American Anthropological Association. The argument is that middle class Papagos maintain their ethnic identity rather than relinquish it to the larger society.]
Underhill, Lonnie E.
1979 AA history of the First Arizona Volunteer Infantry, 1865-1866.@ Master of Art=s thesis, Department of History, University of Arizona, Tucson. x + 99 pp. [The First Arizona Volunteer Infantry consisted of five companies, chiefly Pima and Maricopa Indians, Mexicans, and a few Anglos. But in March, 1866, Papagos joined the regiment for a campaign against Apache Indians somewhere along the upper Gila River. Their victory over Apaches is described here.]
Underhill, Ruth M
1934a Note on the Easter devils at Kawori=k on the Papago Reservation. American Anthropologist, Vol. 36, no. 4 (October/December), pp. 515-516. Menasha, Wisconsin, American Anthropological Association. [An illustrated note concerning the Adevils@ who participate during the Easter ceremonies at Kawori=k (Cowlic) on the Papago Reservation. There is a drawing here of one of the three types of masks worn by the devil impersonators.]
1934b Southwest Indians. An outline of social and ceremonial organization in New Mexico and Arizona. Santa Fe, U,S, Indian Office, Department of the Interior. Mimeographed. 128 pp. [These are Aclass notes for a course in anthropology, Santa Fe Indian School,@ taught by Underhill in the summer of 1934. Chapters 20-22 cover AHistory and Material Culture of the Pimas and Papagos,@ ASocial and Individual Life of the Pimans,@ and ACeremonial Life of the Pimans.@ Line drawings show a Piman houses, loom, cradle, basket, sandal, fetish, medicine sticks, bean pot, storage baskets, Aancient@ wooden mask, and a woman grinding corn on a metate.]
1935 Southwest Indians: an outline of social and ceremonial organization. Indians at Work, Vol. 2, no. 17, pp. 7-11. Washington, D.C., Office of Indian Affairs.
1936a The autobiography of a Papago woman [Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association, no. 46]. Menasha, Wisconsin, American Anthropological Association. 64 pp. [This is the autobiography of Maria Chona, daughter of Papago headman Con Quien, as pieced together by Underhill between 1931 and 1935. It presents what is possibly the most complete portrait of traditional Papago culture as it was lived in the riverless desert country in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, with information on material and nearly all other aspects of culture. Although it is impossible to know to what extent Underhill has intruded on the narrative, the book is nonetheless a classic of Papago ethnography. Among many other things, it includes a first person account of the Papago saguaro wine ceremony (pp. 45-47), of racing contests with O=odham of another village (pp. 40-41), and much more.]
1936b The desert people. Indians at Work, Vol. 3, no. 17 (April 15), pp. 39-40. Washington, D.C., Office of Indian Affairs. [A general article on Papago including a short discussion of life after Spanish contact and a brief version of the Papago emergence myth.]
1936c Old intervillage games of the Papagos. Indians at Work, Vol. 4, no. 7 (November 15), pp. 40-42. Washington, D.C., Office of Indian Affairs. [A good discussion of the ritual singing and other events surrounding traditional Papago intervillage kickball races between men and women. The texts of several Papago songs appropriate for the occasion are presented here.]
1936d Vocabulary and style in an Indian language. Indians at Work, Vol. 3, no. 14 (March 1), pp. 17-19. Washington, D.C., Office of Indian Affairs. [Illustrated. Here are some observations of vocabulary and style in the Papago language.]
1937a ASocial organization of the Papago Indians.@ Ph.D. dissertation, Columbia University, New York. 280 pp. [For the abstract, see Underhill (1939).]
1937b War poems of the Papago Indians. New Mexico Quarterly, Vol.7, no. 1 (February), pp. 16-22. Albuquerque, University of New Mexico. [A brief introduction discusses Papagos= attitudes toward war. Included here are a number of war poems transcribed from Papago participants in war-related ceremonies.]
1938a A Papago calendar record [University of New Mexico Bulletin, whole no. 322, Anthropological Series, Vol. 2, no. 5 (March1)]. Albuquerque, University of New Mexico. Illus. 66 pp. [This is a record of events in Papago history between 1839 and 1932 as related by José Santos of San Xavier del Bac, the keeper of the calendar stick. It deals chiefly with events at San Xavier del Bac (AHollow Place@), Sil Nakya (ACirenaki@), and Gu Achi (AArchie@). It was in 1933 that Santos related the yearly events to Underhill as these were marked by notches B shown here in drawings B on the stick. This is one of the primary sources of Papago history as viewed from a Papago perspective, particularly as it relates to San Xavier, Sil Nakya, and Gu Achi.]
1938b The old intervillage games of the Papagos. Indians at Work, Vol. 4, no. 7, pp. 40-42. Washington, D.C., Office of Indian Affairs. [The title is the abstract.]
1938c Singing for power: the song magic of the Papago Indians of southern Arizona. Berkeley, University of California Press. Illus. 158 pp. [A presentation, discussion, and translation of the lyrics of a number of Papago songs collected and studied by Underhill in 1931 and 1933. No musical annotations.]
1939 Social organization of the Papago Indians [Columbia University Contributions to Anthropology, Vol. 30]. New York, Columbia University Press. Map, illus., bibl. xii + 280 pp. [This is the standard ethnography of the Papago Indians as written by an anthropologist who did her field work among Papagos in the first half of the 1930s. It is the published version of her Ph.D. dissertation (Underhill 1937a). Subjects covered include location and history; kin groupings; kin behavior; village government; economics; social behavior and law; knowledge and teaching; war; games and betting; youth; marriage and sex behavior; death; mores; and acculturation. Underhill describes the village of San Xavier del Bac as once having been a ASóba Jípruis@ (Sobaipuri) village decimated by epidemic disease and essentially re-populated by Papagos from the Santa Rosa area. She also writes of San Xavier that Aall native traits are fast disappearing@ (p. 61).]
1940a Hawk over whirlpools. New York, J.J. Augustin. 255 pp. [A novel about Papago life from the early 1900s through the early 1920s.]
1940b The Papago Indians of Arizona and their relatives the Pima [Sherman Pamphlets, no. 3]. Washington, D.C., Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Branch of Education. Illus. 68 pp. [Illustrated with photos and line drawings, the booklet was written for a general audience. It briefly addresses such topics as AWho are the Papago?@ AWho are the Pima?@ A How did they live?@ A What did they wear?@ AWhat did they live in?@ AWhat did they eat?@ AWhat did they make?@ AGovernment@; AWar@; AGames@; ATrade@; ALearning@; ABirth@; AYouth@; AMarriage@; ADeath@; AThe sacred story@; ARain-making@; ADeer dance@; AVikita@; AThe Eagledown festival@; AVisions@; AThe medicine man@; and APapago and Pima today.@]
1941 The Papago Indians of Arizona and their relatives the Pima [Indian Life and Customs, no. 5]. Illus., bibl. 71 pp. Washington, D.C., Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs. [A re-edition of Underhill (1940b).]
1942 Child training in an Indian tribe. Marriage and Family Living, Vol. 3, no. 4 (Autumn), pp. 80-81. Menasha, Wisconsin, The National Conference on Family Relations. [A brief article discussing some of the child rearing practices of Papago Indians.]
1944a Papago child training. Indian Education, Vol. 7, no. 103 (May 1), pp. 5-8. Lawrence, Kansas, U.S. Indian Service, Education Division. [An excerpt from Underhill (1942.]
1944b The shrine of the living children. Indians at Work, Vol. 12, no. 2 (July/August), pp. 12-13. Washington, D.C., U.S. Department of the Interior, Office of Indian Affairs. [A black-and-white photo accompanies this article about the Children=s Shrine near Santa Rosa on the Papago Indian Reservation.]
1946 Papago Indian religion [Columbia University Contributions to Anthropology, Vol. 33]. New York, Columbia University Press. Bibl., index. vi + 359 pp. [This is the basic published text concerning Papago Indian religion. It is based largely on 1931 and 1935 field work among Papagos on the Sells portion of the reservation. The book is divided into Introduction, Communal Ceremonies, Ceremonies for Individual Power, The Use of Power, and Acculturation.]
1948 Ceremonial patterns in the greater Southwest [Monographs of the American Ethnological Society], edited by Marian Smith. New York, J.J. Augustin. xi + 62 pp. [Underhill makes note of the barrenness of Papago country (p. 1); Papago visions (p. 3); Papago ghost fear and a Papago fetish (p. 6); Papago term for diety (p. 17); Papago songs at the rain-making ceremony (p. 25); Papago songs and hunting patrons (p. 30); Papago hunt killing songs (p. 32); Papagos still food-gatherers (p. 39); and Papagos have three distinct kinds of curing agents (p. 47).]
1951 People of the crimson evening. Riverside, California, U.S. Indian Service. Illus. 127 pp. [This is a narrative-style ethnographic description of the author=s reconstruction of aboriginal Papago Indian life published for popular consumption. Profusely illustrated with ink drawings by Velino Herrera, chapters concern the family; desert; house; housekeeping; play; cactus gathering; rain making; planting and gathering; games; visiting dance; warpath; scalps; wedding; head bearer; story telling; dancing down the sickness; and the year begins again.]
1953 Red man=s America. Chicago, The University of Chicago Press. Maps, illus., bibl., index. x + 397 pp. [A general survey of the prehistory and ethnography of the Indians of North America, one that includes a discussion of Papagos in a chapter titled, AThe peaceful corn-growers,@ one that includes all Southwest sedentary groups. Consult the index ( p. 385) for specific Papago references.]
1954 Intercultural relations in the greater Southwest. American Anthropologist, Vol. 56, no. 4 (August), pp. 645-656. Menasha, Wisconsin, American Anthropological Association. [This is a broad examination of comparison of shared traits among Indian tribes in the greater Southwest. Underhill regards Papagos as a Atransition group,@ with traits shared with Opata and Pima Bajo on the south and with Puebloans and other groups to the north. She compares elements of the Papago Wiikita (vikita) ceremony, including clowns, kilts, masks, and sprinkling of corn meal, with similar elements among Puebloan groups. She writes, AWe have heard of the Aholi Kachina mask used by the Papago. Hopis have legends how the Aholi and Eototo kachinas went to the Red Land of the south and brought back squash, after long wanderings. Here we may have an echo of history.@
She also notes, ACora speeches at drinking ceremonials are very like those of the Papagos while Acaxee and Papago introduce their intervillage games with almost the same ceremonials.@ She also provides lists of traits shared by Papagos and River Yumans and by Papagos and Southern California Shoshoneans.]
1958 First came the family. New York, William Morrow and Company. Illus. 223 pp. [Scattered references to Papagos are found on pages 27-29, 45-46, 59, 69, 90-91, 111, 138, 140-141, 178, and 204. These include first person accounts by Underhill based on her fieldwork in the 1930s.]
1965a The Papago family. In Comparative family systems, edited by M.F. Nimkoff, pp. 147-162. Boston, Houghton Mifflin Company. [This chapter provides a summary of Papagos= early history, village life, kinship, arranged marriage, divorce, deviant sexual types, political organization, paternal and village authority, the war party, child rearing and change.]
1965b Red man=s religion: beliefs and practices of the Indians North of Mexico. Chicago, University of Chicago Press. Maps, illus., index. x + 301 pp. [There is considerable information here about Papago Indian religion and religious practices. The saguaro wine/rain ceremony is discussed on pages 243-247. See APapago@ in the book=s index.]
1966a Ceremonial patterns in the greater Southwest [Monographs of the American Ethnological Society, no. 13], edited by Marian Smith. Seattle, University of Washington Press. xi + 62 pp. [Reprint of Underhill (1948).]
1966b Indians of the Southwest. Garden City, New York, Nelson Doubleday, Inc. Maps, illus. 64 pp. [This booklet is almost exclusively about Puebloan and Navajo Indians, although Pimans are indicated on three maps showing New Mexico and Arizona. On the first there is a note saying, AHohokam culture disappeared about 1400 A.D. but Pimans are believed to be their descendants@ (pp. 12-13). The Papago are indicated on a second map (pp. 52-53), and an outline of the Papago reservations at Sells, Gila Bend, and San Xavier B the latter with a drawing of the mission B is on pages 60-61. The color illustrations in this booklet are in the form of stickers pasted on the pages.]
1966c Papago rain festival. Quarterly of the Southwestern Association on Indian Affairs, Inc., Vol. 3, no. 3 (Spring), pp. 3-5. Santa Fe, Southwestern Association on Indian Affairs, Inc. [A short article on the Papago rain festival (saguaro wine festival) held in July to bring rain.]
1968 Singing for power: the song magic of the Papago Indians of southern Arizona. Berkeley, University of California Press. Illus. 158 pp. [Reprint of Underhill (1938b).]
1969a The autobiography of a Papago woman [Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association, no. 46]. New York, Kraus Reprint Company. 64 pp. [A reprint of Underhill (1936a).]
1969b A Papago calendar stick. In A short history of the Indians of the Unted States, by Edward H. Spicer, pp. 153-156. New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. [This is an edited condensation of Underhill (1938a), one covering the years 1857-1881.]
1969c Papago Indian religion [Columbia University Contributions to Anthropology, Vol. 33]. New York, AMS Press. Bibl., index. vi + 359 pp. [Reprint of Underhill (1946).]
1969d Social organization of the Papago Indians [Columbia University Contributions to Anthropology, Vol. 30]. New York, AMS Press. Map, illus., bibl. xii + 280 pp. [Reprint of Underhill (1939).]
1971 Red man=s America. Chicago, The University of Chicago Press. Maps, illus., bibl., index. x + 397 pp. [Reprint of Underhill (1953).]
1972 Red man=s religion: beliefs and practices of the Indians North of Mexico. Chicago, University of Chicago Press. Maps, illus., index. x +301 pp. [Reprint of Underhill (1965b).]
1973 Singing for power: the song magic of the Papago Indians of southern Arizona. New York, Ballantine Books. Illus. 148 pp. [Reprint of Underhill (1938b).]
1974a Acculturation at the Papago village of Santa Rosa. In Aboriginal land use and occupancy, by Robert A. Hackenberg [Papago Indians I. American Indian Ethnohistory: Indians of the Southwest, compiled and edited by David A. Horr], pp. 309-348. New York, Garland Publishing Company. [This essays deals chiefly with the history, subsistence, and acculturation of the Papago village at Santa Rosa. It was submitted as document for the defense in the Papago Claims Case, Docket No. 345, Def. Ex. No. 111.]
1974b The autobiography of a Papago woman [Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association, no. 46]. Millwood, New York, Kraus Reprint Company. 64 pp. [A reprint of Underhill (1936a).]
1975a Biografía de una mujer Pápago. Translated from the English by Bárbara Dahlgren-Jordán; prologue by Margarita Nolasco. México, SEP/Setentas. Illus. 159 pp. [This is a translation into Spanish of Underhill (1936a). The black-and-white photos used to illustrate the text appears only in this version of the book, with all the pictures taken in Sonora.]
1975b The salt pilgrimage. In Teachings from the American earth, edited by Dennis and Barbara Tedlock, pp. 42-47. New York, Liveright, and Toronto, George H. McLeod. [This is a reprint of pages 211-242 of Underhill (1946).]
1976a A Papago calendar record [University of New Mexico Bulletin, whole no. 322, Anthropological Series, Vol. 2, no. 5 (March1)]. New York, AMS Press, Inc. Illus. 66 pp. [A reprint of Underhill 1938a.]
1976b Singing for power: the song magic of the Papago Indians of southern Arizona. Berkeley, University of California Press. Illus. 158 pp. [Reprint of Underhill (1938b).]
1977 A Papago calendar record [University of New Mexico Bulletin, whole no. 322, Anthropological Series, Vol. 2, no. 5 (March1)]. Millwood, New York, Kraus Reprint. Illus. 66 pp. [A reprint of Underhill 1938a.]
1978 The autobiography of a Papago woman [Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association, no. 46]. New York, AMS Press. 64 pp. [A reprint of Underhill (1936a).]
1979a The Papago and the Pima Indians of Arizona. Palmer Lake, Colorado, The Filter Press. Illus. v + 60 pp. [This is a reprint, with pages re-numbered, of Underhill (1941).]
1979b Papago woman. New York [etc. etc.], Holt, Reinhart, and Winston, Inc. Illus., bibl. xiii + 98 pp. [Including newly-published photographs and a different title, this is otherwise a re-edition of Underhill (1936a).]
1980a Ocean power. Sun Tracks, Vol. 6, pp. 162-174. Tucson, Department of English, University of Arizona. [This is a chapter from Underhill (1938b).]
1980b A Papago calendar record [University of New Mexico Bulletin, whole no. 322, Anthropological Series, Vol. 2, no. 5 (March1)]. New York, AMS Press, Inc. Illus. 66 pp. [A reprint of Underhill 1938a.]
1982 People of the crimson evening. Palmer Lake, Colorado. Filter Press. Illus. iii + 123 pp. [A reprint of Underhill (1951).]
1983 Singing up the corn. In Native American traditions: sources and interpretations, compiled and edited by Sam D. Gill, pp. 53-55. Belmont, California, Wadsworth Publishing Company. [Reprinted here are some Papago songs from Underhill (1938b).]
1984 [Quote.] Arid Lands Newsletter, no. 20 (January), p. 6. Tucson, Office of Arid Lands Studies, University of Arizona. [Two sentences are reproduced here from Underhill (1938b), lines concerning the fact that Papagos= lives traditionally are Abased on other ideals than ours and aimed toward other goals.@]
1985 Papago woman. Prospect Heights, Illinois, Waveland Press. Illus., bibl. xiii + 98 pp. [A re-edition of Underhill (1979b).]
1993 Singing for power: the song magic of the Papago Indians of southern Arizona. Foreword by Ofelia Zepeda. Tucson, The University of Arizona Press. Illus., bibl. xv + 158 pp. [With an added foreword, this is a re-edition of Underhill (1938b).]
Underhill, Ruth M.; Donald M. Bahr, Baptisto Lopez, Jose Pancho, and David Lopez
1979 Rainhouse and ocean. Speeches for the Papago year [American Tribal Religions, Vol. 4]. Flagstaff, Museum of Northern Arizona Press. Map, illus., refs. cited, index. vi + 153 pp. [The Papago ritual aspects of rain, the ocean, hunting, war, and flood are the subject of the many speeches whose texts are presented here in Papago and English. The book is a description of Athe yearly ritual cycle of the Papago Indians of southern Arizona and northern Sonora, Mexico B the Native as opposed to the Christian side@ (p. 5).]
Underwood, Sali A., and Jeffrey F. Burton
1992 Human osteological analysis. In San Miguel de Guevavi. The archeology of an eighteenth century Jesuit mission on the rim of Christendom [Publications in Anthropology, no. 57], by Jeffrey F. Burton, pp. 99-105. Tucson, U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Western Archeological and Conservation Center. [This is a study of human osteological remains excavated at the site of Spanish-period Mission Guevavi in southern Arizona. Some ten adults and twenty-one immature individuals were represented in the finds. Shovel-shaped incisors indicate that many of the burials were those of Native Americans, in all likelihood O=odham.]
Unger, Henry F.
1962 Franciscan, six Indian dancers return from tour. Provincial Annals, Vol. 24, no. 4 (October), pp. 229-231. [Santa Barbara, California], Province of Saint Barbara [of the Order of Friars Minor]. [This is about a three-week tour of Denmark and other European countries made by Brother Bernardine, a Franciscan, and six Indian teenage students of St. John=s Indian Mission and School on the Gila River Indian Reservation. One of the six students was Sylvester Oliver, a Papago. The article is reprinted from the Arizona Register newspaper of August 10, 1962.]
1963 Apache left artistic imprint out in Pima-Papago land. Provincial Annals, Vol. 25, no. 2 (April), pp. 80-82. [Santa Barbara, California], Province of Saint Barbara [of the Order of Friars Minor]. [Reprinted from the Arizona Register newspaper of December 28, 1962, this article is about Apache Indian artist Jim Stevens and work done by him over a 20-year period painting in Catholic churches on the Gila River and Papago Indian reservations. Specifically mentioned is his work on the Ak Chin Reservation and at Chuichu on the Papago Reservation where he painted a seven by eight-foot mural of the Crucifixion. His last work was done in 1942.]
United States. Army Corps of Engineers.
1971 Santa Rosa Wash Project (Tat Momolikat Dam and Lake St. Clair), Pinal County, Arizona. Springfield, Virginia, National Technical Information Service. 34 pp. [Prepared by the U.S. Army Engineer District, Los Angeles, California, this is the final environmental statement concerning the construction of an earth fill dam and appurtenant works on Santa Rosa Wash, Papago Indian Reservation, Pinal County, Arizona. This project (the Tat Momolikot Dam) is intended to provide flood protection, recreation, and water to irrigate 1,600 acres of desert lands.]
United States. Commissioner of Indian Affairs.
1882 Indian legislation passed during the first session of the forty-seventh Congress. In Annual Report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs for 1882, pp. 191-219. Washington, Government Printing Office. [Page 212: (Public Law No. 299) Chap. 394. - AAn Act granting the right of way to the Arizona Southern Railroad Company through the (San Xavier) Papago Indian Reservation in Arizona.@ Approved August 5, 1882.]
United States. Congress.
1903 An act granting to Citrous Water Company right of way across Papago Indian reservation in Maricopa County, Arizona, approved January 1, 1889. In Indian affairs: laws and treaties, compiled and edited by Charles J. Kappler, Vol. 1, p. 301. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office.
1929a An act for completion of the road from Tucson to Ajo via Indian Oasis, Arizona, approved June 23, 1926. In Indian affairs: laws and treaties, compiled and edited by Charles J. Kappler, Vol. 4, p. 560. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office.
1929b An act to purchase lands for addition to the Papago Indian Reservation, Arizona, approved June 28, 1926. In Indian affairs: laws and treaties, compiled and edited by Charles J. Kappler, Vol. 4, p. 562. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office.
1934 [Miscellaneous hearings, 1934.] Washington, D.C., Government Printing Office. 113 pp. [This is an account of hearings before the U.S. Congress Ato grant to Indians living under federal tutelage the freedom to organize for purposes of local self-government and economic enterprise. To restore lands of the Papago Indian Reservation in Arizona to exploration and location under the public land mining laws.@]
1941a An act authorizing construction of a fence along the east boundary of the Papago Indian reservation, Arizona, approved May 21, 1928. In Indian affairs: laws and treaties, compiled and edited by Charles J. Kappler, Vol. 5, p. 51. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office.
1941b An act to amend Section 3 of the Act of June 18, 1934 (48 Stat. 984-988), relating to Indian lands in Arizona, approved August 28, 1937. In Indian affairs: laws and treaties, compiled and edited by Charles J. Kappler, Vol. 5, pp. 553-554. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office.
1941c An act to preserve certain lands on the public domain in Arizona for the use and benefit of the Papago Indians, and for other purposes. In Indian affairs: laws and treaties, compiled and edited by Charles J. Kappler, Vol. 5, p. 230-231. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office.
1978 An act to provide that a certain tract of land in Pinal County, Arizona, held in trust by the United States for the Papago Indian Tribe, be declared a part of the Papago Indian Reservation. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office. 1 page. [This is H.R. 8397 enacted into Public Law 95-361, approved September 10, 1978. It adds the so-called Florence Village, a settlement of Tohono O=odham, at Florence, Arizona, to the Papago Reservation.]
1986 An act to provide for the settlement of certain claims of the Papago Tribe of Arizona arising from the construction of Tat Momolikot Dam, and for other purposes. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office. 3 pp. [This is H.R. 4217 enacted into Public Law 99-469, 100 Stat. 1195. Tat Momolikot Dam is an earthen dam on the Papago Reservation south of Casa Grande, Arizona.]
United States. Congress. House of Representatives.
1926 Completion of road from Tucson to Ajo via Indian Oasis, Arizona. House Report, no. 1153, 69th Congress, 1st session. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office.
1934a Hearing on S. 2755, a bill to grant Indians living under federal tutelage the freedom to organize for the purpose of local self government and economic enterprise. 73rd Congress, 2d session. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office.
1934b Hearing on S.J. 95, a joint resolution restoring lands of the Papago Indian reservation in Arizona to exploration and location under the public land mining laws. 73rd Congress, 2d session. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office.
1954 Report with respect to the House resolution authorizing the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs to conduct an investigation of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, pursuant to House Resolution 89 (83d Congress). House Report, no. 2680, 83d Congress, 2d session. Washington, United States Government Printing Office. Map, index. 576 pp. [Material here concerning Papagos includes such topics as Aappraisal and competence@ (p. 70); factions into which the tribe is divided; tribal enterprises; sources of income; allotments at San Xavier; law and order code; religious affiliation; record keeping; tribal resolutions; possible removal of BIA supervision; claims case; 1934 census figures for San Xavier (526 persons); and mineral rights. This report was compiled to guide Congress with respect to possible federal termination of the special status existing between Indian tribes and the United States Government.]
1966 Authorizing long-term leases on the San Xavier and Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian reservations, Arizona. Report to accompany H.R. 7648. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office. 18 pp. [The notion behind approval to authorize long-term leases on these reservations was that it would encourage economic development on them.]
1978 Providing that a certain tract of land in Pinal County, Arizona, held in trust by the United States for the Papago Indian Tribe, be declared a part of the Papago Indian Reservation. House Report, no. 95-1020, 95th Congress, 2nd session. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office. [This report accompanies H.R. 8397, a bill that would add lands of the so-called Florence Village of Papago Indians to the reservation.]
2003 Tohono O=odham Citizenship Act of 2003 (introduced in House). 108th Congress, 1st session, H.R. 731. [Washington, D.C.], Government Printing Office PDF display. [This bill, introduced by Arizona Congressman Raúl Grijalva, is Ato render all enrolled members of the Tohono O=odham Nation citizens of the United States as of the date of the enrollment and to recognize the valid membership credential of the Tohono O=odham Nation as the legal equivalent of a certificate of citizenship or a State-issued birth certificate for all Federal purposes.@ Online at <http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c108:H.R.731:>.]
United States. Congress. House of Representatives. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs.
1955 Arizona Indians. Hearings before the Subcommittee on Indian Affairs of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, House of Representatives, pursuant to H. Res. 30, to authorize the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs to make investigations into any matter within its jurisdiction, and for other purposes. Serial no. 17, 84th Congress, 1st session. Washington, United States Government Printing Office. 112 pp. [On August 29, 1955, the committee heard testimony in Tucson, Arizona, concerning Papago rehabilitation legislation, including testimony from Albert M. Hawley, Superintendent, Papago Reservation; Mark Manuel, Chairman, Papago Tribal Council; and Papagos Jose Ignacio, Ramon Chavez, Louis Harvey, Archie Hendricks, George Norris, and Barbara Mendez; John McInnes, Chairman of the Association for Papago Affairs; and Mrs. C.N. Arnett and John Denton, both of the Association for Papago Affairs. On August 30 the committee heard testimony from people who included Oliver Maristo (sic) of the Papago Reservation, who spoke about lack of funds for law enforcement and problems with crossing the U.S. and Mexico boundary, and from Tucson attorney Clarence Perrin who spoke about two civil complaints filed by his Papago clients in tribal court against Papago Indian Philbert Toro.].
1960 Indian heirship land study. Tabulation and questionnaires circulated to various Indian land holders concerning heirship problems. Vol. 2. 86th Congress, 2d session [House Committee Print, no. 27]. Washington, U.S. Government Printing Office. [Consult the index for the many pages on which tabulations for San Xavier Papagos appear.]
1961 Indian heirship land study. Analysis of Indian opinion as expressed in questionnaires. Vol. 1. 86th Congress, 2d session [House Committee Print, no. 27]. Washington, U.S. Government Printing Office. [Data concerning the Papagos who live at San Xavier, the only allotted part of the reservation, appear on pages 412-418 and 430-434. The questionnaire, which was sent to 355 Papago heirs and from whom 107 (30%) of the forms were returned as completed, is reproduced on pages 543-545. The figures on returns are on page 548.]
1963 Indian unemployment survey. Part 1. Questionnaire returns. 88th Congress, 1st session [House Committee Print, no. 3]. Washington, U.S. Government Printing Office. [The employment data for 1963 for the Papago Reservation as reported by Papago Agency Superintendent Thomas H. St. Clair are presented on pages 424-428, 781, 804, and 812. The latter is a listing of fifty-three Aprincipal Indian settlements on the Papago Reservation.@]
1964 Providing for the relocation and reestablishment of the village of Sil Murk and of the members of the Papago Indian Tribe inhabiting the village of Sil Murk, 88th Congress, 2d session, Report no. 1570. 3 pp. Washington, D.C., Government Printing Office. [This report in H.R. 11329 relates to the need to relocate the Papago village and villagers of Sil Murk on the Gila Bend Indian Reservation because of flooding that will result from a reservoir that will build up behind Painted Rock Dam on the Gila River.]
United States. Congress. Senate.
1978 Providing that a certain tract of land in Pinal County, Arizona, held in trust by the United States for the Papago Indian Tribe, be declared a part of the Papago Indian Reservation. Senate Report, no. 95-1133, 95th Congress, 2nd session. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office. [This report accompanies H.R. 8397, a bill that would add lands of the so-called Florence Village of Papago Indians to the reservation.]
1982 Providing water to the Papago Tribes of Arizona to settle Papago Indian water rights claims in portions of the Papago Reservations, and for other purposes. Senate Report, no. 97-375, 97th Congress, 2nd session. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office. [This report is to accompany H.R. 5118. The title is the abstract.]
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources.
1990 Tumacacori National Historical Park. Report, no. 101-362, 101st Congress, 2d session. Calendar No. 682. [This report of the Senate committee, approved unanimously, concerns the approval of a change in name from Tumacacori National Monument to Tumacacori National Historical Park and the addition of the mission properties of Guevavi and Calabazas to the newly-designated park. In writing about the Abackground and need@ for the legislation, the committee delves briefly into the Spanish-period history of these three places, all of which commemorate the early interactions between Northern Pimans and Europeans.]
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Indian Affairs.
1931 Survey of conditions of the Indians in the United States [Hearings before a subcommittee of the Committee on Indian Affairs, United States Senate, 71st Congress, 3d session, Arizona] , part 17, pp. 7953-8899. Washington, Government Printing Office. [These were hearings that ultimately led to the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934. Pages 8395-8511 contain documents relating to Papagos and their reservations as well as a transcript of the hearing held at Sells, Arizona on Tuesday, April 21, 1931 concerning the condition of the Papago Indians.]
1934a A bill to grant Indians living under federal tutelage the freedom to organize for purposes of self government and economic enterprise [Hearings before the Committee on Indian Affairs, United States Senate, on S. 2755, 73rd Congress, 2d session]. Washington, Government printing Office. 56 pp. [Pages 33-512 deal with Arizona=s concern that this bill would result in the expansion of the Papago Indian Reservation. It includes testimony by Senator Henry F. Ashhurst of Arizona and John Collier, Commissioner of Indian Affairs. The Hunter Claim is discussed and numerous other documents, statements of protest and other statements, are entered into the record concerning this bill and its potential effects on Arizona and Papagos.]
1934b To restore lands of the Papago Indian Reservation in Arizona to exploration and location under the public mining laws [Hearing before the Committee of Indian Affairs on S.J. Res. 95, United States Senate, 73d Congress, 2d session]. Washington, Government Printing Office. [Transcript of a hearing held April 24, 1934 concerning the restoration of land on the Papago Reservation to mineral exploration and entry under the public mining laws.]
1982 Buffalo Bill Dam, reclamation reform, and Papago Indian water rights: conference report (to accompany S. 1409) [Report, 97th Congress, 2d session, Senate; no. 97-568]. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office. 50 pp. [Government Document Y 1.1/5:97-568.]
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs.
1952 Rehabilitation of the Papago Tribe of Indians, Arizona [Hearing before a subcommittee of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, United States Senate, on S. 1067, 82d Congress, 1st session}. Washington, Government Printing Office. [Hearing on a U.S. Senate bill which would set aside $23 million dollars to promote the rehabilitation of the Papago Tribe and a better utilization of the resources of the Papago Tribe and for other purposes.]
1964 Providing for the relocation and reestablishment of the village of Sil Murk and of the members of the Papago Indian Tribe inhabiting the village of Sil Murk, 88th Congress, 2d session, Report no. 1352. Washington, D.C., Government Printing Office. 7 pp. [This report in H.R. 11329 relates to the need to relocate the Papago village and villagers of Sil Murk on the Gila Bend Indian Reservation because of flooding that will result from a reservoir that will build up behind Painted Rock Dam on the Gila River.]
United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Indian Affairs.
1977 Water for five central Arizona Indian tribes for farming operations [Hearings before the U.S. Senate Select Committee on Indian Affairs on S. 905]. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office. Illus. 623 pp. [Transcripts of statements made before the committee during hearings held in Washington, D.C. on May 23-24, 1977. Among the texts of the thirteen prepared statements and sixteen letters are those by and about Papago Indians concerning water for their farming operations and for other purposes.]
1982 Water claims of the Papago Tribe [Hearings before the U.S. Senate Select Committee on Indian Affairs on S. 2114 and H..R. 5118]. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office. iii + 96 pp. [These hearings on Papago water claims were held on March 31, 1982.]
1986a Administration of justice within the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Reservation [Hearing before the Select Committee on Indian Affairs, United States Senate, on S. 2564 ... July 23, 1986, Washington, D.C., 99th Congress, 2d session] Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office. Illus. iii + 56 pp. [Government Document no. Y 4.In 2/11:S.hrg.99-853. Microfiche item no. 1009-B-5, 1009-C-5.]
1986b Settlement of certain land and water rights claims of the Papago Tribe of Arizona [Hearing before the Select Committee on Indian Affairs, United States Senate, on S. 2105 ... S. 2106 ... S. 2107 ... July 23, 1986, Washington, D.C., 99th Congress, 2d session]. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office. Illus., bibl. iii + 88 pp. [Govt. Doc. No. Y.4.In 2/11:S.hrg.99-935. Microfiche item 1009-B-5, 1009-C-5.]
2001 Native American Improvement Act [Hearing before the Committee on Indian Affairs on S. 211 to amend the Education Amendments of 1978 and the Tribally Controlled Schools Act of 1988 to improve education for Indians, Native Hawaiians, and Alaskan Natives]. 107th Congress, 1st session. Washington, D.C., Government Printing Office. [Included here are details of the need for educational facilities, their estimated construction costs, and photographs of existing facilities on the Tohono O=odham Nation.]
United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Indian Affairs. House of Representatives. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs.
1992 Southern Arizona Water Rights Settlement amendments of 1992: joint hearing ... . Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office. Illus. iv + 436 pp. [These hearings examined in detail the need to make amendments to the Southern Arizona Water Rights Settlement Act, especially as these affect the Tohono O=odham.]
United States. Department of the Air Force. Tactical Air Command.
1986 Revised draft environmental impact statement (EIS) for flight operations in the Sells aerospace overlying the Tohono O=odham Indian Reservation and Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument in Southern Arizona. Washington, D.C., Department of the Air Force. Maps, refs. Cited, appendices. xx + 11 + 44 + 1 + 23 + 6 + 3 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 25 + 36 + 10 + 22 + 41 + 10 + 115 + 7 + 4 + 2 + 4 + 37 + 23 + 15 + 1 + 1 pp. [This study is an effort to assess the impact on the natural and human environment of the Tohono O=odham Nation and Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument of high-speed overflights by U.S. Air Force planes. Included are lists of archaeological sites, fauna, flora, newspaper clippings about the effects of sonic booms, and a reproduction of the 37-page 1974 Facts about Papago Agency published in Sells, Arizona, by the Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Department of the Interior.]
1988 Final environmental impact statement: flight operations in the Sells Airspace overlying the Tohono O=odham Indian Reservation and Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument. Washington, D.C., Department of the Air Force. Illus. vii + 212 + 47 pp. [This final version of United States. Department of the Air Force. Tactical Air Command (1986) contains a summary, comments, replies and errata.]
United States. Department of Commerce. Economic Development Administration.
1971 Federal and state Indian reservations: an ESA handbook. Washington, Government Printing Office. [Brief descriptive accounts of the Ak Chin and Papago reservations for 1969 B including such topics as land status, history, culture, government, population profile, tribal economy, climate, transportation, and utilities B are given on pages 12-13 (Ak Chin) and 36-37 (Papago).]
United States. Department of Commerce. Economics and Statistical Administration. Bureau of the Census.
1993 We the ... First Americans. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office. 16 pp. [Numbers relating to the Papago Indian Reservation based on the 1990 census are given throughout: population (8,043); median age (23.6); school enrollment by % (30.3); % over 25 with a high school education (47.3); % over age 16 employed (76.6); per capita income ($3,113); % in poverty (65.7); etc. etc.]
United States. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Health Services and Mental Health Administration.
1968 An analysis of the clinic bus system of the Sells Service Unit. Tucson, Division of Indian Health, Health Program Systems Center. 7 pp + 5 exhibits. [This report was written in answer to three major questions: A1] The extent to which the Bus System contributes to attendance at the Sells Service Unit Clinics; 2] The perceived high cost of the Sells Service Unit transportation system; 3] the possible alternatives which might be considered as changes for the present system.@ The system at the time employed one 36-passenger bus, one 7-passenger carryall, one sedan, one station wagon, and one ambulance. The Indian Health Service estimated in 1967 that there were 5372 persons living in the Sells Service Unit (i.e., on the main reservation).]
United States. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Health Services and Mental Health Administration. Public Health Service. Indian Health Service. Office of Research and Development.
1973 Indian Health Service. Office of Research and Development. [Washington, D.C.], U.S. Government Printing Office. Map, illus. 24 pp. [This history of the background and purpose of the Office of Research and Development within the Indian Health Service features activities involving Papagos and the Papago Indian Reservation in that it was among Papagos that the demonstration health delivery system was initially set up.]
United States. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Public Health Service.
n.d. Division of Indian Health, Sells Service Unit, Phoenix Area. s.l., s.n. Map, illus. 10 pp. [This booklet provides the essential background of the Sells Papago Indian community, its environment, health services, and facilities. Numerous black- and-white photos.]
1966a The Indian health program of the U.S. Public Health Service [Public Health Service Publication, no. 1026]. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government printing Office. Illus. 35 pp. [A fifty-bed hospital in Sells, Arizona had a total of 12,352 outpatient visits in 1965 (p. 34); the health center at Santa Rosa had a total of 5,950 visits in 1965 (p. 35). Both facilities are on the Papago Indian Reservation.]
1966b Operation SAM. A systems analysis module for the development of a comprehensive Indian health program. PHS Indian Health Center, Tucson, Arizona. [Washington, D.C.], Government Printing Office. Map, illus. 6 pp. [Booklet discusses the organization and objectives of SAM, Systems Analysis Module, established by the U.S. Public Health Service at its San Xavier Indian Health Center. Improving Indian community health services through maximization of health resources is its goal.]
1968 Current project summaries; published monograph abstracts. Tucson, Health Program Systems Center, Indian Health Service. [Projects summarized include those being carried out by Nadine Rund, ADemographic Census of the Off-reservation Users of the Sells Service Unit@ and ASocio-cultural Information Study@; by T.L. Austin, APapago Tribal Community Health Program@; by Thomas M. Mowery, AFive Year Program Plan, Sells Service Unit@; and by Paul Sikkink, AIHS Versus Contract-Care Services,@ an effort to establish contracting guidelines for the Sells Service Unit. The second half of this report consists of abstracts of monographs published by the Health Program Systems Center, including those that relate to Papagos.]
United States. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Public Health Service. Bureau of Health Services.
1966 Proceedings of the first Operation SAM orientation conference. Tucson, Indian Health Center. 49 pp. [AOperation SAM has been established at the PHS San Xavier Health Center, Tucson, Arizona as a >laboratory= to undertake the development, testing, and refinement of comparative health program planning and implementation concepts ... .@]
United States. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Public Health Service. Division of Indian Health.
n.d.a The Indian health program. s.l., Government Printing Office. Map, illus. 20 pp. [Although Papagos are not mentioned by name in this booklet, a black-and-white photo of page 6 is of Papagos early in the 20th century, and on page 13 there is a photo of Granjon=s Gate at the north entrance to the Mission San Xavier del Bac complex.]
n.d.b Rehabilitation of a quadriplegic girl in cooperation with organizations and individuals of the Papago Indian Reservation, San Xavier Mission, and Tucson, Arizona. [Washington], Government Printing Office. Illus. 13 pp. [This is the story of the rehabilitation of Marsha (Encinas), a fourteen-year-old Papago girl (from the San Xavier Reservation) who was severely injured in an automobile accident.]
n.d.c Sells Service Unit, Phoenix Area. Data information. Map, illus. 10 pp. s.l., s.n. [AThis booklet is intended to provide (the reader) with an insight into the essential background of this (Papago) Indian community, its environment, health services, and facilities.@]
1967 To the First Americans: a report on the Indian health program of the U.S. Public Health Service. Public Health Service Publication, no. 1580. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government printing Office. Included in this booklet is a photograph of Mrs. Mary Grace Lucas Jose, a licensed practical nurse at the Sells Public Health Service Hospital. Papago health facilities are also listed.]
United States. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Public Health Service. Indian Health Service. Sanitation Branch Facilities, Office of Environmental Health.
1975 Papago Indian Reservation four year plan for water supply, sewerage and solid waste improvements. Tucson, U.S. Public Health Service, Indian Health Service, Sanitation Facilities Branch, Office of Environmental Health. Map, illus. ca. 70 pp. [This is a report of an onsite survey carried out by the Office of Environmental Health, Office of Research and Development, Tucson.]
United States. Department of the Interior. Bureau of Indian Affairs.
1965a American Indian calendar. Washington, U.S. Government Printing Office. 47 pp. [With a state-by-state listing of American Indian tribes, for each state there is a month-by-month calendar of tribal events open to the public. Events listed for Arizona include the October 4 Feast of St. Francis observed by Papagos on the Papago Reservation; the October 26-27 all-Indian rodeo held on the Papago Reservation, and the December 2-4 Feast of St. Francisco (Xavier) held on the San Xavier Reservation.]
1965b The Papago Indian Reservation: potential for industry. [Phoenix, Arizona], U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Phoenix Area Office. Maps, illus. 10 pp. [A résumé of the Papago Indian Reservation prepared to attract potential industry. Among the data include are labor force statistics, utility services, transportation and communication, and business accommodations.]
1971 Highway system map, Papago Indian Agency, Arizona. Phoenix, Arizona, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Phoenix Area Office, Branch of Roads. 9 maps. [The scale of the these Papago Reservation road maps is ca. 1:130,000. Insets include the Gila Bend Reservation, San Xavier Reservation, Santa Rosa, and Sells.]
1975(?) The Papagos. [Washington, D.C.], U.S. Government printing Office. Bibl. 4 pp. [This is government document I 20.51/2:P 19.]
1977 Draft environmental statement, Vekol Hills project, Papago Indian Reservation, Pinal County, Arizona. Phoenix, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Phoenix Area Office. Maps. viii + 277 + 28 pp. [This is a detailed discussion of possible environmental effects B physical, social, biological, and economic B of a proposed copper mine near the village of Kohatk in the Sif Oidak District of the Papago Indian Reservation. Many maps included.]
1978 Final environmental impact statement, Vekol Hills Project, Papago Indian Reservation, Pinal County, Arizona. Phoenix, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Phoenix Area Office. xiii + 339 + 28 + 10 pp. Maps, tables, plates, literature cited. [The possible effects on the natural and cultural environment of a part of the Papago Indian Reservation near Kohatk village should a proposed open pit copper mine and processing plant become reality. The report is dated May, 1978.]
1986 Draft environmental impact statement, proposed lease of lands for San Xavier planned community. Phoenix, Phoenix Area Office, Bureau of Indian Affairs, United States Department of the Interior. Maps, bibl. [The community, which was planned for most of the southeastern quadrant of the San Xavier Reservation, was never constructed. Major chapter headings are Description and Purpose of Project; Scoping Process; Alternatives Including Proposed Action; Affected Environment; Probable Environmental Impacts of Proposed Action and Mitigation Measures; and Environmental Consequences Summarized.]
United States. Department of the Interior. Bureau of Indian Affairs. Branch of Education.
1956(?) A special five-year program for adolescent Indians: education for cultural adjustment. Lawrence, Kansas, U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Branch of Education. Illus. 27 pp. [Although primarily concerning a special education program for Navajo boys and girls, mention is made of Papago Indians well.]
United States. Department of the Interior. Bureau of Reclamation.
1992 Information packet and environmental impact statement scoping meetings announcement, Central Arizona Project, Tucson Aqueduct system reliability investigation. Phoenix, Bureau of Reclamation, Arizona Projects Office. Maps. 17 pp. [Various alternatives are discussed concerning ways of ensuring water reliability from the Central Arizona Project (CAP) and possible locations for pumping plants and water storage facilities. Some of these concern the San Xavier District of the Tohono O=odham Nation.]
1995 Draft environmental impact statement. Central Arizona Project. Tucson Aqueduct system reliability investigation. Phoenix, Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office. Maps, tables, appendices, index. 318 pp. [This study includes involvement of lands on the San Xavier District of the Tohono O'odham Nation, and the proposed canal would supply water to the San Xavier and Schuk Toak districts of the Tohono O=odham Nation.]
1998 Final environmental impact statement. Executive summary. Central Arizona Project. Tucson Aqueduct system reliability investigation. Phoenix, Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office. Map. ii + 11 pp. [A portion of canal for carrying Colorado River water and a storage unit for the water are on the San Xavier Indian Reservation.]
United States. Department of the Interior. Bureau of Reclamation. Arizona Projects Office.
1988 Draft environmental impact statement: San Xavier Development Project, Southern Arizona Water Rights Settlement Act. Boulder City, Nevada, The Region. Maps, illus., bibl., index. Various pagings. [This is an analysis of the potential environmental consequences of a proposed construction and operation of proposed alternatives for the use of Central Arizona Project water on the San Xavier Indian Reservation.]
1989 Final environmental impact statement: San Xavier Development Project, Southern Arizona Water Rights Settlement Act. Boulder City, Nevada, The Region. Maps, illus., bibl., index. Various pagings. [This is the final form of the draft statement.]
1992 Central Arizona Project Tucson Aqueduct system reliability investigation. Information packet and environmental impact statement scoping meetings announcement. Phoenix, Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Arizona Projects Office. Maps. 17 pp. [The title is the abstract. The public meetings to consider the routes and potential impacts of bringing Colorado River water to Tucson and the San Xavier Indian Reservation were to be held in Tucson on March 9, 1992 and in the Avra Valley on March 10, 1992.]
United States. Department of the Interior. Fish and Wildlife Service.
1997 Cabeza Prieta NWR. Comprehensive management plan; draft environmental assessment. Albuquerque, New Mexico, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Maps, illus. 132 pp. + appendices. [Page 36: "Ethnographically, the refuge was the homeland of the Hia-Ced O'odham (Sand Papago). The Hia-Ced O'odham were Piman-speaking, hunting/gathering populations who lived west of Ajo throughout historic times. The small, dispersed bands of Hia-Ced O'odham were encountered by Kino, and by travelers on the Camino del Diablo for two centuries. While the archaeological evidence does not necessarily correspond to historic linguistic groups, it suggests that Hia-Ced O'odham ancestry may extend back more than a thousand years on the refuge."]
United States. Department of the Interior. National Park Service.
n.d. Tumacacori National Historical Park, Arizona. s.l., U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service. [This folder consists of one sheet of paper printed on both sides. It includes a map, color illustrations, and text outlining the history of this southern Arizona mission that was founded in 1691 by Father Eusebio Francisco Kino for Northern Piman Indians.]
1950 A survey of recreational resources of the Colorado River Basin. Washington, U.S. Government Printing Office. [Compiled originally in 1946, this report includes the assertion that Adoubtless@ the Pimas and Papagos are descendants of the prehistoric Hohokam (pp. 88-89).]
1975a Environmental assessment, draft master plan. Tumacacori National Monument, Arizona. s.l., U.S. Government Printing Office. Map, illus., refs. cited. 50 pp. [This is a first draft listing possible effects on the site of this 18th-century Spanish mission among Northern Piman Indians should a proposal be carried out to acquire various properties and to carry out various construction projects. The former mission communities of Calabazas and Guevavi also come into consideration. There is a summary of the history of the region on pages 28-31, one which emphasizes the presence of Pimans, including those who continue to live at San Xavier del Bac.]
1975b Environmental assessment, final master plan. Tumacacori National Monument, Arizona. s.l., U.S. Government Printing Office. Map, illus., refs. cited. 56 pp. [This is a slightly altered version of United States. Department of the Interior. National Park Service (1975a).]
1975c Final master plan. Tumacacori National Monument, Arizona. s.l., U.S. Government printing Office. Map, illus., appendices, bibl. 36 pp. [This is a final draft of a plan by the National Park Service for the future administration of the former Spanish mission sites of Tumacácori, Guevavi, and Calabazas, sites whose interpretation commemorates the initial contacts between Europeans and Piman Indians on the northern frontier of New Spain. It is recommended in this report that a state agency become responsible for maintenance and interpretation of Guevavi and Calabazas.]
1975d Master plan draft. Tumacacori National Monument, Arizona. s.l., U.S. Government printing Office. Map, illus., appendices, bibl. 36 pp. [This is the first version of United States. Department of the Interior. National Park Service (1975c).]
1993 Draft general management plan & environmental impact statement, Tumacácori National Historical Park. s.l., U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Maps, illus., refs., index. xiii + 120 pp. [This detailed plan by the National Park Service for future administration of the Tumacácori, Calabazas, and Guevavi mission units of the park includes emphasis on the need to interpret the park=s human history, one in which Athree distinct Piman villages ... evolved successfully into Spanish, and then Mexican mission communities, ranchos, or haciendas, and were eventually abandoned.@ It is further noted that Father Eusebio Francisco Kino Aplayed an important roe in the development of missions in Pimería Ata and in the settlement of the region.@ There are outline histories here for all three missions.]
1997 Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument. Final general management plan; development concept plans; environmental impact statement. Denver, Colorado, United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Maps, illus., bibl. 209 pp. [The plan takes into account the former presence of O'odham within the monument and recognizes the continued importance of Quitobaquito and Montezuma's Head to the O'odham. It's further noted that the O'odham continue to harvest the fruit of organ pipe and saguaro cacti within the monument.]
2001 Re-analysis of cumulative effects on the Sonoran Pronghorn. Supplement to the Environmental Impact Statement for the 1997 General Management Plan/Development Concept Plans for Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument. Denver, Intermountain Support Office, National Park Service. Map, illus. 85 pp. [The Tohono O'odham Nation and many of its sub-agencies participated in this draft study, one that concludes prospects for the long-range survival of the Sonoran pronghorn in Arizona are not good. Also noted is the fact that a task force to consider developments around Quitobaquito would have Tohono O'odham representation (p. 48).]
2002 Environmental assessment. Widen North Puerto Blanco Road. Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, Arizona. s.l., National Park Service. Illus, maps, plans, selected refs. 55 pp. [A note is included that, AThe preferred alternative would entail minor, long-term adverse impacts to potential ethnographic resources@ (e.g. cacti and plants having traditional significance).]
2003 Proposed vehicle barrier environmental assessment. Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument/Coronado National Memorial. s.l., National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. Maps, illus. 156 pp. [The Tohono O=odham Nation is briefly described on p. 13, including mention of the Shadow Wolves, a unit of the Department of Homeland Security responsible for patrolling the international boundary on the reservation; concerns are raised about the Aspillover effects@ onto the reservation should a vehicle barrier be erected on the Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument portion of the International Boundary (p. 18); former O=odham occupation at Quitobaquito Springs is mentioned (p. 23); sacredness of the water of Quitobaquito Springs to O=odham is alluded to (pp. 24-25).]
United States. Department of the Interior. National Park Service. Denver Service Center.
1995 Draft general management plan, development concept plan, environmental impact statement. Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, Arizona. Denver, United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Denver Service Center. Maps, appendices, bibl. 167 pp. [A section in this report is devoted to "Ethnography and Ethnographic Resources" (pp. 87-89), and includes a discussion of the aboriginal and modern use by Tohono O'odham and Hia-Ced O'odham of the Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument area of southwestern Arizona. There is also a discussion of economy of the Tohono O'odham Reservation on p. 100.]
United States. Department of the Interior. National Park Service. Pacific West Field Area.
1996 Comprehensive management and use plan. Final environmental impact assessment, Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail, Arizona, California. s.l., s.n. Maps, illus., bibl., appendices, index. xv + 237 + 16 + 14 + 54 + 5 + 2 + 7 + 4 + 5 + 4 + 3 + 1 + 4 + 20 + 5 + 5 pp. [A final version of United States. Department of the Interior. National Park Service. Western Region. (1994) containing essentially the same information.]
United States. Department of the Interior. National Park Service. Tumacacori National Monument.
1976 Natural and cultural resources management plan and environmental assessment. Tumacacori National Monument, Arizona. s.l., s.n. Map, bibl. 56 pp. [AThis resources management plan presents a method for the National Park Service to manage the cultural and natural resources of Tumacacori National Monument,@ a unit of the National Park System which commemorates Spain=s mission program on its northern frontier in the 18th century and which, in this instance, involves the impact of Europeans on the Northern Piman Indians.]
1978 Statement for management. Tumacacori National Monument, Arizona. s.l., s.n. Map. 26 pp. [This is a programmatic statement for future management of the resources of Tumacacori National Monument, a unit of the National Park System set aside to commemorate the Spanish mission program in the United States and, in this instance, specifically to commemorate the impact of Europeans on native Piman culture in southern Arizona.]
1985a Draft land protection plan. Tumacacori National Monument, Arizona. s.l., s.n. Map, illus., appendices. 2 + 5 + 2 + 1 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 5 + 1 pp. [This is a draft of a plan to acquire additional properties adjoining Tumacacori National Monument, a National Park Service resource in southern Arizona intended to commemorate Spain=s impact on the Northern O=odham who were native to the region.]
1985b Statement for management. Tumacacori National Monument, Arizona. s.l., s.n. Map, plans. 31 pp. [This is an undated version of United States. Department of the Interior. National Park Service. Tumacacori National Monument (1978).]
United States. Department of the Interior. National Park Service. Western Archeological Center.
1979 Archeological programs, 1979. Tucson, U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Western Region, Western Archeological Center. Illus. 48 pp. [AAt the request of the Western Regional Office and the Phoenix Area Office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, a salvage study was done of the Reward Mine complex on the Papago Indian Reservation near Casa Grande, Arizona. This required the full-time efforts of one of the Indian Assistance program=s three archeologists for the whole year@ (p. 2). Mention is also made (p. 3) of working with Sand Papago on restoration of historic graves at Quitobaquito in Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument. And a student assistant archeologist finished the first draft of the Gu Achi report, completing the professional aspects of a project initiated on the Papago Indian Reservation in 1973 (p. 28).]
United States. Department of the Interior. National Park Service. Western Archeological and Conservation Center.
[1982] Annual report. Archeological and conservation programs of the Western Region, National Park Service, calendar year 1981. Tucson, National Park Service, Western Archeological and Conservation Center. Map. 50 pp. [AGary Somers and Lee Fratt surveyed the new alignment of Route 30 and that portion of Route 232 that was added to the project (on the Papago Indian Reservation). Mardith Schuetz completed documentary and archival research into the history of Picacho Mine and its relationship to the village of Nolic, in general, and site AZ AA:13:19 (ASM), in particular. Danny Lopez completed an oral history of the mine, the village, and the site.]
[1983] Annual report. Archeological and conservation programs of the Western Region, National Park Service, calendar year 1982. Tucson, National Park Service, Western Archeological and Conservation Center. Map, illus. 40 pp. [Included here are line drawings of artifacts recovered from Mission Tumacácori, a mission founded by Jesuits in the late 17th century for the Northern O=odham. An appendix, pp. 36-38, features Tumacacori National Monument, including an outline of its Spanish-period history.]
[1984] Annual report. Archeological and conservation programs of the Western Region, National Park Service, calendar year 1983. Tucson, National Park Service, Western Archeological and Conservation Center. [A photo on p. 12 shows APapago Indians harvesting (saguaro) fruit.@]
1987 Annual report. Archeological and conservation programs of the Western Region, National Park Service, calendar year 1986. Tucson, National Park Service, Western Archeological and Conservation Center. [Included here is mention of Papago and National Park Service joint involvement concerning the cemetery at Quitobaquito within Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument. Also mentioned is the aid extended to Papago Indian Juan Joe Cipriano in his research for the Tohono O=odham Nation on the subject of Sand Papagos (p. 15).]
[1988] Annual report. Archeological and conservation programs of the Western Region, National Park Service, calendar year 1987. Tucson, National Park Service, Western Archeological and Conservation Center. [Alluded to here is the National Park Service=s involvement with the O=odham cemetery at Quitobaquito in Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument (p. 32) and to its involvement with O=odham in the San Xavier Reservation in connection with archaeological survey work carried out in connection with the Central Arizona Project facilities planned for the reservation (p. 36).]
United States. Department of the Interior. National Park Service. Western Region.
1985a Draft land protection plan. Tumacácori National Monument, Arizona. Map, illus., appendices. 2 + 15 pp. [This report is the basis for a recommendation that the National Park Service add certain State of Arizona lands to the boundaries of Tumacacori National Monument, a unit of the National Park System which commemorates the work of Spanish missionaries among Northern Piman Indians.]
1985b Draft feasibility study and environmental assessment. Juan Bautista de Anza Trail study. [San Francisco], National Park Service, Western Region Office. Maps, appendices. 43 + 1 + 11 + 3. [This is the earliest report by the National Park Service in studying the feasibility of a trail commemorating the 1775-1776 expedition of Juan Bautista de Anza and a large group of colonists from Mexico City to San Francisco, California. Missions Tumacácori and San Xavier del Bac, both on the expedition=s route in southern Arizona, are mentioned.]
1993 Draft general management plan & environmental impact statement. Tumacácori National Historical Park, Arizona. Maps, illus., appendices, refs., index. 120 pp. [Nomenclature for various groups of O'odham, including the Tohono O'odham, is discussed briefly on p. 47.]
1994 Draft comprehensive management plan and environmental impact assessment, Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail, Arizona, California. s.l., U.S. Government Printing Office. Maps, illus., bibl., appendices, index. xiii + 80 + 16 + 14 + 54 + 5 + 2 + 7 + 4 + 5 + 4 + 2 + 1 + 4 + 20 + 3 pp. [This draft of a plan for development of a National Historic Trail commemorating the 1775-1776 expedition of Juan Bautista de Anza and colonists from Mexico City to San Francisco includes discussion of those parts of the route along the Santa Cruz River in southern Arizona that took the expedition through the Pimería Alta settlements at or near the missions or mission visitas of Guevavi, Tumacácori, Calabazas, San Xavier del Bac, and Tucson as well as the sites of former Northern O=odham communities between Tucson and the Gila River.]
United States. Department of the Interior. Office of Indian Affairs.
1937 Constitution and by-laws of the Papago Tribe. Washington, Government Printing Office. 8 pp. [The tribe=s constitution and by-laws were approved January 6, 1937 under terms of the 1934 Indian Reorganization Act. The document marks the first time in Papago history there had been a formal, over-arching government.]
1945 Indians in the war. Chicago, U.S. Department of the Interior, Office of Indian Affairs. Illus. 54 pp. [This publication deals with American Indians in World War II. On pages 16-17 there is a list of Papagos killed in the war, and on page 5 it=s noted that a silver star was awarded to Private First Class Norris L. Galvez, a Papago.]
United States. Department of the Interior. U.S. Geological Survey.
n.d. Mineral resource potential and related studies of the Papago Indian Reservation, southern Arizona. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office. 198 microfiches. [This report, published in microfiche, was prepared for the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs.]
United States. Indian Claims Commission.
1979 Final report. [Washington,], U.S. Government Printing Office. [This is the summary report of the life of the United States Indian Claims Commission, August 13, 1946 through September 30, 1978. Various actions concerning the Papago of Arizona claim B which resulted in a July 21, 1976 award of $26,000,000 to the Papago Tribe B are cited on pages 67, 116, and 122.]
University of Arizona
1974-74 A report on research at the University of Arizona. Tucson, The University of Arizona. [Discussed here is research by Dr. Ronald W. Henderson in which video tapes are being used as a teaching tool among children in the Headstart program on the Papago Reservation.]
University of Arizona Foundation
1975 The annual report of the University of Arizona Foundation. Tucson, University of Arizona Foundation. [Mention is made (p. 26) of a $250 grant to the Arizona State Museum to make it possible for the museum to purchase fifteen Papago baskets made at Bitter Wells trading post between 1915 and 1920.]
1977 Annual report. March, 1977. Tucson, The University of Arizona Foundation. Illus. 59 pp. [Included are three photos by Helga Teiwes of Papago scenes, including one of pottery being made by Laura Antone of Poso Verde, Sonora; one of Papago women playing a stick gambling game; and one of Ramon Smith of San Xavier pretending to play a flute. Helga had been awarded a grant of $1500 from the Foundation take more photos on the Papago Indian Reservation. On page 43 there is a black-and-white photo showing three Papago and Pima baskets.]
Urban, Sharon F.
1996 Rock art of Santa Cruz County. PAHS, Vol. 16, nos. 6/7, insert. Nogales, Arizona, Pimería Alta Historical Society. [Urban speculates about the rock art that may have been left in Santa Cruz County in Southern Arizona by the Sobaipuri, O'odham, and Apache Indians. She fails to recognize that the "Sobaipuri," who she says were not in evidence after the late 1700s, were also O'odham.]
Urias, Lynne
2001 A book review. Newsletter, July-August, pp. 17-18. Tucson, Los Descendientes del Presidio de Tucson. [This review of Charlsie Poe=s Angel to the Papagos (1964) makes further mention of the display of Goldie Richmond=s quilting work on display at the Arizona State Museum, quilts depicting scenes in Papago life.]
Uribe García, Jesús F.
2002 Los discursos del espacio en los pueblos y arquitecturas de Sonora. Hermosillo, Sonora, Publicaciones del Diligencia. 100 pp. [This discussion of Sonoran architecture touches on some of the missions of the Pimería Alta and their Jesuit and Franciscan-period history. Included is mention of Enrique Tejeda who in 1833 was AChaplain General@ of the Papago Nation. He proposed the Papagos= repopulation of the ancient mission of Visanic (Bisanig).]
Urrea, Antonio
1997 [Letter to Manuel Escalante, Governor of Sonora, written in Altar, Sonora, March 4, 1835.] In A frontier documentary. Sonora and Tucson, 1821-1848, edited by Kieran R. McCarty, pp. 48-49. Tucson, The University of Arizona Press. [Urrea offers details of a December, 1834 shootout in which three Papago Indians had been killed by Mexicans named Francisco Monreal, Joaquín Almazán, and Antonio Reina after having been caught stealing Monreal=s horses. They claimed the Papagos shot at them first. He also reports that in February, 1835 Papagos had stolen the entire horse herd of José García and that a hundred men had tracked the Papagos and stolen animals to a village near the foot of the Quijotoa Mountains. The Papagos refused to give up the horses unless the three men who had killed the Papagos earlier were turned over to them for execution. The Mexicans retreated with no captives and no horse herd.]
Urrea, José
1997 Passport issued at Guaymas on April 28, 1844. In A frontier documentary. Sonora and Tucson, 1821-1848, edited by Kieran R. McCarty, p. 87. Tucson, The University of Arizona Press. [This is a passport issued by General Urrea to AGeneral (Culo) Azul of the Papago (sic) tribe and the seventy members of his party to proceed to the Gila River (from Guaymas) where he has his residence. Let no one obstruct his passage. All citizens and authorities along the way shall give him shelter and hospitality, as is our custom, and in recognition of his many assurances of loyalty and peace.@]